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Abingdon Town Code 
View whole ordinance
APPENDIX B ZONING ORDINANCE
ARTICLE 18. SITE PLAN REVIEW
Section 18-6. Additional specific standards.
18-6-4. Parking lot. The following standards shall be followed in developing site plans for motor vehicle parking lots and off-street parking areas required by section 17-6:
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i. All paved parking lots shall be planted with no less than one tree for every five parking spaces or fraction thereof. Such trees shall be of a variety which provide shade or are capable of providing shade at maturity [see section 18-8 "Canopy trees"] and shall be reasonably dispersed throughout the parking lot.
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Abingdon ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
APPENDIX B ZONING ORDINANCE
ARTICLE 18. SITE PLAN REVIEW
Section 18-5. General standards.
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18-5-2. Landscaping. All nonresidential uses, including parking lots and vehicular display areas, where front yard is required shall have at least 50 percent of the street frontage landscaped with plant material. Such planting area shall have a minimum width of five feet. The planning commission may allow a deviation from these requirements if, in its judgment, such deviation is consistent with the intent of this article and beneficial to the proposed development.
18-5-5. Standards for preservation of natural environment and energy conservation. In order to preserve the character and natural environment of the area and to provide visual and noise buffering, the planning commission shall refuse to approve any site plan which proposes unnecessary destruction of trees and other natural features. The planning commission shall require assurances that the developer has made reasonable effort, in light of the proposed development, to preserve, replenish, protect and utilize:
a. Trees of ten-inch caliper or larger.
b. Ornamental trees of any size.
c. Trees within required setbacks or along boundaries unless necessary to remove for access, grading, circulation, utilities or drainage.
d. Streams in their natural condition.
e. Ground area from soil erosion and excessive water runoff.
f. Natural features of the site which promote energy conservation.
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Section 18-6. Additional specific standards.
18-6-4. Parking lot. The following standards shall be followed in developing site plans for motor vehicle parking lots and off-street parking areas required by section 17-6:
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i. All paved parking lots shall be planted with no less than one tree for every five parking spaces or fraction thereof. Such trees shall be of a variety which provide shade or are capable of providing shade at maturity [see section 18-8 "Canopy trees"] and shall be reasonably dispersed throughout the parking lot.
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Abingdon ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
APPENDIX B ZONING ORDINANCE
ARTICLE 18. SITE PLAN REVIEW
Section 18-9. - Historic district entrance corridor overlay district.
18-9-8. Design standards. All applications for certificates of appropriateness must satisfy the design standards contained in this section.
(a) Landscaping.
(1) Landscaping shall be used to soften the visual impact of development and enhance the appearance of the area.
(2) Landscaping shall be sufficient to soften the visual effects of parking lots, reduce the effective visual mass of large buildings, and provide screening between the development, the street and surrounding lots.
(3) Landscape buffers, shall be provided adjacent to public streets of sufficient size to permit street trees and plantings to be installed to reduce the visibility into parking lots.
(4) Landscaping shall be compatible with landscaping on adjacent properties.
(5) Landscaping shall be of a high quality and designed in a professional manner.
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(Ord. No. 1-2003, 4-7-03; Amd. Of 7-7-03; Ord. No. 2004-65, ?? 1, 2, 9-7-04; Ord. of 9-4-07(2))
Ashland ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
Chapter 21 ZONING*
ARTICLE XXIII. - LANDSCAPING
Sec. 21-235. Parking area landscaping.
(a) Applicability. The requirements of this section shall be applicable to all off-street parking areas exceeding four thousand five hundred (4,500) square feet in area. For purposes of this section, the area of an off-street parking area shall be cons1d to be that portion of a lot which is paved or otherwise improved for the purpose of parking vehicles, including all parking spaces, access aisles, driveways, loading space and vehicle stacking areas and maneuvering space. (See the Development Guidelines Handbook for illustrative examples of application of the requirements of this section).
(b) Existing parking areas. In the case of parking areas existing at the effective date of these provisions, the requirements of this section shall apply when a previously unpaved parking area is paved or when a parking area is reconstructed by removal of existing improvements and replacement thereof. In the case of expansion of any parking area existing at the effective date of these provisions by a cumulative total of more than two thousand (2,000) square feet, the requirements of this section shall apply to the area of expansion, provided that internal landscaping and trees required for the expanded area may be dispersed throughout the entire parking area. In any case where an existing parking area is expanded by a cumulative total of greater than fifty (50) percent of its original area, the requirements of this section shall apply to the entire parking area.
(c) Required internal landscaping. Not less than five (5) percent of the parking area shall be devoted to landscaped islands or other internal landscaping. When landscaped islands located in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section result in an area greater than five (5) percent of the parking area, the higher percentage shall apply. When landscaped islands located in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section result in an area less than five (5) percent of the parking area, any landscaped area located within the front yard of the lot and in excess of the minimum required landscaped setback or minimum required peripheral landscaping may be credited toward the internal landscaping requirement. All areas to be credited toward the internal landscaping requirement shall consist of trees, shrubs, vegetative ground cover, other plant material, or combinations thereof, and may contain pedestrian walkways incidental to such landscaping.
(d) Landscaped islands. Landscaped islands meeting the standards of this section shall be located within parking areas so that not more than ten (10) parking spaces are situated in a single continuous row, except as provided in paragraph (1) below, and so that each end of each row of parking spaces is separated from adjacent access aisles and driveways by a landscaped island. The following standards shall be applicable to landscaped islands:
(1) Size of landscaped islands. Landscaped islands shall be not less than nine (9) feet in width as measured between the outside faces of curbs or other features that define the landscaped island if curbs are not provided, and shall be not less than the length of the abutting parking spaces. When landscaped islands of not less than fifteen (15) feet in width are provided, such islands may be located so that not more than fifteen (15) parking spaces are situated in a single continuous row. In the case of landscaped islands having irregular width, the width shall be measured at each point where a tree is to be located within the island.
(2) Improvement of landscaped islands. Each landscaped island shall be planted with at least one (1) deciduous tree having a caliper of not less than two and one-half (2 1/2) inches at the time of planting. The type of deciduous tree that should be used can be located on the tree canopy matrix and would consist of those trees that fall under the "shade and parking lot" use category. The appropriate quantity and type of tree shall be approved by the zoning administrator. The island shall also include shrubs, vegetative ground cover, other plant material, or combinations thereof, and may contain pedestrian walkways incidental to landscaping. Healthy existing trees to be preserved shall be credited toward the tree requirement when such trees meet the other requirements of this section, are shown on the approved landscape plan and are adequately protected during construction, provided such trees have a reasonable expectation of survival as determined by the zoning administrator from material contained in the Development Guidelines Handbook or additional supporting date submitted with the landscape plan. Required landscaped islands shall be protected from encroachment by vehicles by curbs, wheel stops or other approved features, and shall not include any portion of a required parking space.
(3) Areas to be credited as landscaped islands. Landscaped islands shall include areas that meet the requirements of this section and are situated in any of the following manners:
a. Within an otherwise continuous row of parking spaces so as to provide separation between such spaces;
b. At the end of a row of parking spaces so as to provide separation between such spaces and an access aisle or driveway;
c. Between opposing rows of parking spaces, or between a row of parking spaces and an access aisle or driveway; or
d. At the end of a row of parking spaces so as to provide a landscaped corner between rows of parking spaces that are arranged at an angle to one another.
(e) Peripheral landscaping. Landscaped areas of not less than five (5) feet in width shall be provided so as to separate off-street parking areas from abutting property, except that this requirement shall not apply where buffer or screening requirements set forth in section 21-236 of this article impose a greater standard, or along a mutual lot line that is subject to a recorded cross-easement enabling vehicle access between abutting lots. Peripheral landscaping shall consist of trees, shrubs, vegetative ground cover, other plant material, or combinations thereof, and may contain walkways incidental to such landscaping and providing pedestrian access between abutting properties. Peripheral landscaping shall be protected from encroachment by vehicles by curbs, wheel stops or other approved features, and shall not include any portion of a required parking space.
(2-17-04)
Blacksburg ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
APPENDIX A Ordinance
No. 1137 BLACKSBURG ZONING ORDINANCE
ARTICLE V. DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
DIVISION 2. OFF-STREET PARKING, STACKING and LOADING
Sec. 5202 Permitted locations.
(1) Off-street parking spaces that are located on the ground and open to the sky may be located in any required yard unless otherwise required for screening, buffering, landscaping, or unless prohibited by other provisions in this chapter or the Town Code. A parking space for an automobile shall have dimensions as specified in the chart and diagram below, unless an exception is granted by the Administrator due to the shallow depth of a parcel, the location of existing trees, or other similar circumstances.
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(Ord. No. 1184, adopted 6-9-98; Ord. No. 1415, ? 22, 7-11-06; Ord. No. 1598, ? 1, 2-8-11)
Blacksburg ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
APPENDIX A Ordinance
No. 1137 BLACKSBURG ZONING ORDINANCE
ARTICLE V. DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
DIVISION 4. LANDSCAPING
Sec. 5427 Parking lot landscaping.
(a) The following provisions are intended to require that 5% of the entire parking lot, excluding the access drive, is landscaped with trees and vegetative ground cover. The area of the parking lot is the square foot area of the parking spaces and aisles and interior parking lot islands, excluding access drives that do not contain either parallel or perpendicular parking spaces.
(b) Within the parking lot there shall be planted one tree per ten spaces, rounded down to the closest whole number.
(c) Planter islands or peninsulas containing trees shall be located within the parking lot, such that each island or planter is surrounded on at least 3 sides by parking lot or an access road to the parking lot. Their size shall be eighteen feet square in area, or equal total area in irregular shapes such that adequate space is provided for adequate tree canopy maturation.
(d) Planter islands may be combined or placed together such that more than one tree may be provided in the combined planter island, so long as the total space equals a multiple of the requirements above.
(e) Perimeter plantings may be used to satisfy this requirement in parking facilities less than forty-two feet in width.
(f) Perimeter planting beds at least 10 feet in width shall be provided whenever a parking area is immediately adjacent to a public right-of-way. If a question arises as to whether or not a parking area is immediately adjacent to a public right-of-way, the Zoning Administrator shall make the determination. (Ord. No. 1184, adopted 6-9-98)
(1) Plantings within this area shall include trees and vegetative ground cover.
(2) Berms may be used in addition to, but not instead of plantings.
Charlottesville City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 34 ZONING
ARTICLE II. OVERLAY DISTRICTS
DIVISION 3. ENTRANCE CORRIDOR OVERLAY DISTRICTS
Sec. 34-312. Application requirements.
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(c) Each application shall include a landscaping plan, for the uses described following below.
(1) For development subject to site plan review, such plan shall meet the requirements set forth below as well as those required within Article VII, section 34-867.
(2) For other applications, the landscaping plan shall consist of drawings, documents and information sufficient to allow the director to determine whether the following requirements are satisfied:
a. Uses to be screened: Parking lots, loading areas, refuse areas, storage areas, detention ponds and mechanical equipment shall be screened from view from the adjacent EC street.
B. Standards for screening: When required, screening shall consist of the following:
(i) A planting strip of vegetation or trees, an opaque wall, an opaque fence or a combination of these.
(ii) Where only vegetative screening is provided, such screening strip shall not be less than twenty (20) feet in depth and shall consist of a double staggered row of evergreen trees on fifteen-foot centers, a minimum of five (5) feet in height when planted, or a double staggered row of evergreen shrubs on five-foot centers, a minimum of twenty-four (24) inches in height when planted. Alternative methods of vegetative screening may be approved by the ERB or the director in connection with approval of a certificate of appropriateness.
(iii) Where a fence or wall is provided for screening, it shall be a minimum of six (6) feet in height with planting required at ten-foot intervals along such structure.
(3) Landscaping. All nonresidential uses, including parking lots and vehicular display areas, shall have all of the street frontage, exclusive of driveways and walkway connections, landscaped with trees and other varieties of plant material at least eighteen (18) inches in height at maturity. The tree varieties shall conform to those recommended in the city's list of approved plantings. All uses shall have the side and rear property edges defined with a fence, wall or curbed planting strip of trees and other plantings a minimum of twenty-four (24) inches in height at maturity.
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(9-15-03(3); 6-6-05(2); 7-16-12)
Charlottesville City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 34 ZONING
ARTICLE VIII. IMPROVEMENTS REQUIRED FOR DEVELOPMENTS
DIVISION 2. LANDSCAPING AND SCREENING
Sec. 34-873. Parking lots?Screening and interior landscaping.
(a) [Defined.] For the purposes of this section the term "parking lot" shall mean and refer only to a parking lot containing twenty (20) or more spaces.
(b) Street buffer.
(1) A continuous landscaped buffer ten (10) feet in width shall be established between the edge of a parking lot and any adjacent public right-of-way. If right-of-way improvements are required within such frontage, then a continuous landscaped buffer having an average width of ten (10) feet may be provided. Where an existing parking lot is to be expanded, and the existing lot has a landscaped buffer adjacent to a right-of-way of less than ten (10) feet in width, but at least four (4) feet in width, then no additional buffer shall be required along such frontage.
(2) The required buffer shall consist of S-3 screen materials ("street plantings"), other than trees, but shall not include any plantings of a size or material that will obstruct any required sight distances. The landscaped buffer shall include at least three (3) street plantings for every fifteen (15) feet of frontage, spaced at intervals of not more than four (4) feet. All plantings shall have a minimum height of eighteen (18) inches when planted. Plantings shall be evenly spaced in a row, at intervals sufficient to allow for their healthy growth and development.
(3) Streetscape trees required by section 34-870 shall be planted within the ten-foot landscaped buffer, and shall be integrated with other street plantings. If this requirement cannot be satisfied due to sight distance requirements, utility easements or other conflicting requirements, then the required landscaped buffer area shall be enlarged to accommodate the trees. If enlargement of the buffer area requires the relocation of required parking spaces, then any additional required street plantings may be counted toward interior landscaping requirements.
(c) Adjacent property buffer.
(1) A continuous landscaped buffer at least five (5) feet in width shall be established between the edge of a parking lot and an adjacent property, where there is no intervening public right-of-way.
(2) The required buffer shall consist of S-2 screen materials. One (1) large tree and three (3) shrubs shall be planted for every fifteen (15) feet of length of the property line. Plants shall be evenly spaced in a row, at intervals sufficient to allow for their healthy growth and development.
(3) If the edge of a parking lot abuts another parking lot on an adjacent property, and the other existing lot has a landscaped buffer area of at least four (4) feet wide, then no additional buffer shall be required.
(d) Interior parking lot landscaping.
(1) In addition to the other applicable requirements of this section, an area equal to five (5) percent of the gross area of a parking lot shall be landscaped with trees or shrubs ("interior landscaped area").
a. No interior landscaped area shall be less than one hundred forty-five (145) square feet, or have a width of less than nine (9) feet.
b. Paved storage areas serving a warehouse use may be excluded from the calculation of gross area of a parking lot.
c. Plantings immediately adjacent to (i.e., within fifteen (15) feet) a building shall not be counted toward interior landscaping.
d. Buffers required by the preceding paragraphs, shall not be counted toward interior landscaping requirements.
e. A landscaped island or other physical barrier shall separate parking areas from any entrance or exit to the parking lot.
(2) Interior landscaped areas shall consist of at least one (1) tree, and at least three (3) shrubs, per eight (8) parking spaces or portion thereof. Interior landscaped areas with an area of less than 300 square feet shall be planted with at least one (1) medium tree; those having an area of 300 square feet or more shall contain at least one (1) large tree, or two (2) medium trees.
(3) Interior landscaping shall be placed in reasonably dispersed planting islands. When screening is required along the frontage of public streets, the director shall determine if the street tree requirement has been met.
(e) Buffers shall be designed to filter runoff from paved surfaces.
(9-15-03(3))
Chesapeake ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
Chesapeake, Virginia - Zoning
ARTICLE 19. DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
? 19-416. Reduction in number of parking spaces and parking setbacks in exchange for tree preservation.
A. The planning director may approve preliminary site plans, which provide for the preservation of mature trees existing on the site in exchange for a reduction in the number of parking spaces required under this ordinance or a reduction in required parking area setbacks. The reduction in the number of parking spaces shall not exceed twenty-five (25) percent of the overall number required. The reduction in parking area setbacks shall not exceed fifty (50) percent of the required setback.
B. No preliminary site plan shall be approved under this subsection unless or until the reduction in parking spaces or parking area setback is approved by a landscape review committee comprised of the planning director or designee, the director of development and permits, or designee, and two members of the planning commission appointed by the chairman for this purpose. All preliminary site plans showing a reduction in parking spaces or parking area setback in exchange for the preservation of trees shall be evaluated by the landscape review committee using the following criteria:
1. The location, number, and density of the trees to be preserved;
2. The species of the trees to be preserved, along with any unique or special value assigned to such species by the director of development and permits, or designee;
3. The age, health and expected life span of the trees to be preserved;
4. The historical significance, if any of the trees to be preserved;
5. The types of measures to be taken to ensure the preservation and maintenance of the trees to be preserved;
6. The overall benefit of the preservation of the trees as weighed against any adverse impact that may result from a reduction in parking area setbacks or parking spaces;
7. The number of parking spaces to be provided will be adequate to serve the proposed use; and
8. Sufficient area is shown on the site plan as reserved for additional parking in the event the number of spaces provided proves inadequate, in which case the planning director may require the property owner to install additional spaces to accommodate the use of the site.
In granting approval of a reduction of parking spaces under this subsection, the landscape review committee may impose stipulations designed to ensure that the trees are properly preserved and maintained and that parking areas are reserved. Any applicant aggrieved by the decision of the landscape review committee may file a written appeal to the planning commission within ten (10) days of the decision appealed from.
C. Any property owner or developer who receives a reduction in the number of parking spaces or a reduction in parking area setbacks required in exchange for the preservation of mature trees shall:
(1) Take all action deemed necessary by the planning director and/or landscape review committee to protect the trees from damage or destruction during clearing and construction activities;
(2) Refrain from depositing fill material within the drip line of any tree to be preserved, and
(3) Take such action as is necessary to ensure that the trees will not be removed in the future without the consent of the director of development and permits, or designee.
D. In the event any tree or tree area to be preserved under this section is destroyed or, in the opinion of the director of development and permits, or designee, significantly damaged during clearing or construction activities, or is willfully destroyed, injured or removed in the future, the person responsible for such destruction, injury or removal shall replace such tree or group of trees by planting and preserving one (1) large tree of two (2) inch caliper and one (1) small tree six (6) to eight (8) feet in height within every 300 square feet of area in which the damaged or destroyed tree or group of trees stood.
(Ord. No. 97-O-141, 11-18-97; Ord. No. 98-O-042, 3-17-98; Ord. No. 03-O-029, 3-18-03; Ord. No. 09-O-051, 5-19-09; Ord. No. 10-O-127, 10-19-10)
Editor's note? Ord. No. 03-O-029, adopted March 18, 2003, changed the title of ? 19-416 from "reduction in number of parking spaces in exchange for tree preservation" to "reduction in number of parking spaces and parking setbacks in exchange for tree preservation." The historical notation has been preserved for reference purposes.
Chesapeake ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
Chesapeake, Virginia - Zoning
ARTICLE 19. DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
? 19-600. Landscaping and buffering.
A. In General. This section of the zoning ordinance of the city of Chesapeake shall be known and may be cited and referred to as the Chesapeake Landscape Ordinance. The Chesapeake Landscape Specifications Manual, including definitions, is hereby incorporated into and made a part of this ordinance.
B. Intent. The intent of this ordinance is to provide minimum standards for the preservation, protection and enhancement of the ecologic and aesthetic environments of the City of Chesapeake. The urban forest which includes all landscaped areas within the city, serves to prevent soil erosion; reduce the hazards of flooding; absorb carbon dioxide and supply oxygen; reduce the effects of noise, glare, dust, and other objectionable activities generated by some land uses; provide shade and reduce adverse effects of winds; safeguard and enhance property values; buffer and screen adjacent properties; and promote the pleasant appearance and character of neighborhoods.
(Ord. No. 97-O-141, 11-18-97)
? 19-601. All sites.
A. Landscaping plan requirements.
1. A preliminary landscaping plan, showing the location and dimensions of green space, buffer yards, and existing and known proposed public and private easements, shall be required as part of any preliminary site plan for all multifamily and nonresidential developments and for all residential major subdivisions where rear or secondary front yards abut an existing or proposed right-of-way 80 feet or more in width.
2. A final landscaping plan, prepared by a landscape designer, shall be submitted in the following circumstances: (1) as part of the final site plan for any multifamily or nonresidential development; (2) as part of the building permit application for any single-family or duplex residential construction on a lot, and (3) as part of any final subdivision plan for a residential major subdivision where rear or secondary front yards abut an existing or proposed right-of-way 80 feet or more in width.
3. Such landscaping plans shall contain the landscaping and/or plant replacement specifications required under this ordinance, including the Chesapeake Landscape Specifications Manual, which is hereby incorporated into and made a part of this ordinance by reference.
B. Site analysis. A site analysis, including all tree preservation areas, is required as part of the submittal of each preliminary and final subdivision plat, site plan, or erosion and sediment control plan submitted to the city. Such site analysis shall, by plan and narrative, include all those elements required by the Chesapeake Landscape Specifications Manual. The site analysis may, upon approval of the director of development and permits, or designee, based on-site conditions, be presented in a narrative format only.
C. Townhouse communities. In townhome communities where adequate space does not exist for the placement of trees otherwise required under this ordinance, the city may approve the placement of trees in open spaces, common areas or end lots where adequate and appropriate space for mature growth exist. If such a plan is approved, it shall be the developer's responsibility to set forth a schedule for the installation of these plantings that meets the approval of the city. Further, the developer shall be responsible to call for city inspection and approval of said landscaping upon completion.
D. Parking areas.
1. Green space meeting the definition contained in the Chesapeake Landscape Specifications Manual shall be provided within the interior of parking areas at a ratio of 30 square feet of greenspace per each off-parking space provided; off-street parking space as defined in section 19-408 of this ordinance. Only those areas directly adjacent to and directly associated with the rows of parking will count towards required green space.
2. The equivalent of 400 square feet of large tree canopy coverage (appendix B of the Chesapeake Landscape Specifications Manual) shall be planted for each 150 square feet of interior green space provided.
3. Where feasible, as determined by the director of development and permits, or designee, utilities shall be located outside of required green space.
4. Green space containing less than 150 square feet in contiguous area will not count toward interior green space required for parking. Individual green areas 150 square feet or more in contiguous area shall not substitute for more than 1,000 square feet of interior green space required for parking.
5. A maximum of 30% of the required interior green space may be combined with required buffer yards when natural vegetation is being retained in any such buffer yard. This combination of required areas shall only be permitted in the vicinity of, and in conjunction with, tree preservation, as approved by the director of development and permits, or designee. When tree preservation is approved, up to 1,500 square feet of contiguous interior green space may count toward interior green space requirements.
6. Green space no smaller than 9 x 18 feet in size, and containing at least one large tree, shall be required at both ends of each row of parking spaces containing 7 or more spaces. All parking lot trees shall be large trees, as listed in the Chesapeake Landscape Specifications Manual, unless sotherwise approved by the director of development and permits, or designee, due to extenuating circumstances.
E. Buffer yard requirements.
1. Where the zoning classification for a site to be developed under this section is more intense than the classification of a property bordering such site, the landscaping plan for the more intensely zoned site shall include provisions for a buffer yard and/or structure required along the length of the property line that separates the site from the property having a less intense zoning classification, as provided for in section 19-610 below.
2. A vegetated buffer as described in and required by section 19-610 shall be installed on those sites bordering public or private streets, including alleys, service drives and rights-of-way, unless waived or modified by the director of development and permits, or designee, pursuant to section 19-606 of this ordinance. All required landscaping shall be set back from the street and ingress/egress points an adequate distance to provide clear visibility, in accordance with section 19-204 of this ordinance. Tree locations and spacing may be adjusted to provide reasonable visibility of signage and to ensure safe ingress/egress.
3. Street frontage hedges shall be restricted to a mature height of 4 feet except where they are required to screen service entrances and outside storage areas, where they shall be maintained at a height of 6 feet.
4. A minimum of 7 feet width, or 50 % of the required width, whichever is greater, of any required buffer yard must be located outside of all public or private easements. Where feasible, required trees must be located outside of all public easements or private utility easements. The director of development and permits, or designee, shall determine on a case-by-case basis whether the location of trees outside of a particular utility easement is feasible, giving due consideration to such factors as topography, size of the lot and site design. No trees shall be planted in an easement where prohibited by the deed or agreement by which the easement was created. Required shrubs may be planted within a utility easement, provided that shrubs are not prohibited by the deed or agreement which created the easement. If no deed or agreement exists, no plant materials shall be placed in the easement area without the express permission of all persons having rights or interest in the easement.
5. Buffers required adjacent to public or private rights-of-way with an existing or proposed width of 80 feet or more are to be provided by the landowner or developer and depicted on the final subdivision plat recorded in the clerk's office of the circuit court of the City of Chesapeake. The plat shall contain a note stating that no structure shall be located in the buffer and that all plant materials therein are to be maintained by the owner of the property.
6. Screening for communication towers shall be in conformance with section 13-606 of this ordinance.
7. A buffer yard D as described in Section 19-610 of this ordinance, with a three-foot berm, shall be required where the rear of any commercial or industrial building faces a public or private right-of-way having an existing or proposed width of 80 feet or more.
8. For additional buffer yard and screening requirements, see Section 14-200, Fences, walls and hedges; Section 14-500, Trash receptacles; and Section 14-700, Signs.
(Ord. No. 97-O-141, 11-18-97; Ord. No. 08-O-121, 9-16-08; Ord. No. 10-O-127, 10-19-10)
Danville ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
ARTICLE 16. APPENDIX: LANDSCAPE, SCREENING AND BUFFER YARD GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS
A. Purpose and Intent.
This appendix provides graphic guidelines for landscaping, screening and buffer yards for development projects within the City. It is intended to be employed by applicants as a companion to illustrate the landscape design requirements of Article 9 of this ordinance.
Where conflict exists between this appendix and Article 9, the article shall govern.
B. - Appendix Contents.
Parking Lot Landscaping Guidelines and Illustrations
A.4 Parking lot landscaping: general illustrative design concepts.
A.5 Parking lot landscaping: minimum requirements for parking lots.
A.6 Parking lot landscaping: landscape islands and medians in parking lots.
General Landscaping Guidelines and Illustrations
A.7 Residential subdivision landscaping: street tree design concepts.
A.8 Right-of-way edge buffer landscaping: edge buffers.
A.9 Buffer yards: landscape berms.
Examples of Canopy Requirements for Urban Land Uses
A.10 Illustrative canopy example: multi-family residential project.
A.11 Illustrative canopy example: retirement community project.
A.12 Illustrative canopy example: townhouse residential project.
A.13 Illustrative canopy example: waterfront mixed-use project.
A.14. Illustrative canopy example: downtown commercial project.
Transitional Buffer Yard Requirements
A.15 Transitional buffer yard requirements: Multi-family and Attached Residential Single Family Residential Districts (T-R, S-R, NT-R, OT-R and MHP-R) adjacent to a Multifamily Residential or Attached Residential District (A-R and M-R).
A.16 Transitional buffer yard requirements: Commercial Residential Districts (T-R, S-R, NT-R, OT-R and MHP-R) and adjacent to a Commercial District (N-C, CB-C, TW-C, HR-C, PS-C).
A.17 Transitional buffer yard requirements: Light Economic Development Residential District (T-R, S-R, NT-R, OT-R and MHP-R) adjacent to a Light Economic Development District LED-1).
A.18 Transitional buffer yard requirements: Manufacturing Residential District (T-R, S-R, NT-R, OT-R and MHP-R) adjacent to a Manufacturing District (M-1).
(Ord. No. 2004-02.04, Art. 16, 2-17-04)
Danville ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
Chapter 41 ZONING ORDINANCE
ARTICLE 9. LANDSCAPING AND SCREENING REGULATIONS
D. Parking Lot Landscaping for Commercial, Industrial, and Residential Uses.
1. Parking Lots Adjacent to Lot Lines: For parking lots and private access adjacent to lot lines which are subject to site plan or subdivision approval for uses within commercial, industrial, townhouse, apartment, and mobile home park zoning districts or where a site plan is otherwise required, the following landscape regulations shall apply:
a. Where a parking lot (or a private driveway providing access to a parking lot or building entry) abuts a property line not common with the right-of-way of a street, a landscaping strip of two and one-half (2 1/2) feet in width shall be located between the parking lot and the abutting property line. Refer to the Appendix for graphic examples.
b. A minimum of one tree for each forty (40) feet of contiguous property line shall be planted in the landscaping strip. This planting shall be in addition to any planting within a required zoning district buffer yard and in addition to any planting within six (6) feet of a building or structure.
c. Where appropriate, shrubs and ground covers may be provided within the landscaping strip to establish an enhanced low level visual buffer between the adjoining properties.
d. At maturity, these shrubs and other ground covers shall be three (3) to five (5) feet in height. Landscape plans are encouraged to incorporate earth berms, where appropriate, into the buffer strips.
2. Parking Lots Adjacent to Public Streets: For parking lots and private access adjacent to public streets which are subject to site plan or subdivision approval for uses within commercial, industrial, townhouse, apartment, mobile home park zoning districts or where a site plan is otherwise required, the following landscape regulations shall apply:
a. Where a parking lot (or a private driveway providing access to a parking lot or building entry) abuts a public right-of-way for a City or VDOT street, a landscaping strip of five (5) feet in width (not including sidewalk) shall be located between the parking lot or private driveway and the right-of-way line.
b. A minimum of one tree for each forty (40) feet of property line common with the public right-of-way shall be planted in the landscaping strip. This planting shall be in addition to any planting within a required zoning district buffer yard and in addition to any planting within six (6) feet of a building or structure.
c. Where appropriate, shrubs and ground covers may be provided within the landscaping strip to establish an enhanced low level visual buffer between the parking lot and the public right-of-way.
d. At maturity, these shrubs and other ground covers shall be a minimum of three (3) to five (5) feet in height. The landscape design for such shrubs and ground covers shall also serve to direct and control pedestrian access into parking lots.
e. Landscape plans are encouraged to incorporate earth berms, where appropriate, into the right-of-way landscaped buffer strips.
3. All parking lots of thirty-one (31) or more spaces shall contain within the interior of the parking lot not less than one tree for every fifteen (15) continuous parking spaces or fraction thereof. Such trees shall be reasonably dispersed throughout the interior of the parking lot in accord with good landscape and urban design practices. In the instance where the parking lots contain double-loaded parking bays, trees planted in the interior section between the bays may count towards the spaces in both rows. Furthermore, both exterior trees and buffer trees included in the site plan may be applied towards this requirement. In the case of redevelopment proposals, this parking lot tree requirement is only applicable to those proposals that necessitate additional parking spaces over those that are currently provided. All plant materials shall be of a variety and size which can be used to meet the tree canopy cover requirements hereinabove outlined. Refer to the Appendix for graphic illustrations.
4. Landscaping located within the interior of parking lots shall be contained within "planting islands" with raised medians. Planting islands which are located parallel to the long dimension of a parking spaces shall have a minimum width of ten (10) feet and shall be designed to permit vehicular doors to open fully without impacting plant materials. A median (or island) shall be constructed to separate no more than fifteen (15) contiguous perpendicular spaces for single-loading bays and thirty (30) for double-loading bays. A planting island with raised median (with curb and gutter) shall be constructed to terminate the end of any perpendicular parking bay and to provide adequate separation from an adjacent to a private driveway or travelway.
5. Landscaped "planting islands" (located such that parking spaces are on opposing sides of the planting island) shall be developed in parking lots meeting the following criteria:
a. The total size of the parking lot exceeds one hundred fifty (150) total parking spaces.
b. Parking lot layout incorporates three or more double-loaded or single-loaded parking bays which are contiguous and parallel to each other, and the requirements of Paragraph 4 above.
c. Planting islands which are designed to be perpendicular to the parking bay shall be constructed for every other parking bay.
d. Planting islands shall have a minimum width of six (6) feet to allow for bumper overhang and shall otherwise provide adequate width for the growth and maintenance of the intended landscape materials to be planted therein.
6. The primary landscaping materials used in parking lots shall be trees which provide shade or are capable of providing shade at maturity. Shrubs and other live planting material may be used to complement the primary, tree landscaping.
7. The landscaping shall be dispersed throughout the parking lot, with interior dimensions of any planting area (i.e. interior parking median) sufficient to protect and maintain all landscaping materials planted therein. See illustrative example in the Appendix.
8. The type and method of parking lot landscape irrigation shall be fully described in the site plan if any type and method is to be included in the design.
9. The applicant, or the applicant's landscape architect or landscape designer and project engineer shall consult with the Director of Planning/Zoning Administrator during the sketch plan and preliminary plat phase to determine the most appropriate parking lot layout and coordinated landscape design concepts, tree placement, and suitable species of trees and ground cover to be used in parking lots.
10. The landscape provisions of this article are not intended to apply to off-street parking spaces or private driveway access to such off-street parking spaces for individual single family residential dwellings.
(Ord. No. 2004-02.04, Art. 9, ? D, 2-17-04)
Fairfax City City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 110 ZONING
Article IV. SITE DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
4.2 Off-street Parking and Loading
4.2.6 Parking lot design
B. Dimensions and access
3. All parking spaces and aisles shall comply with the following minimum requirements:
(a) Parking spaces (90 degrees only) that abut a landscape island may be reduced in length to 16 feet provided that the island is a minimum of four feet in depth and protected by wheel stops or curb. Plant material shall be a minimum of two feet from wheel stops or curb.
(10-1-16)
Fairfax City City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 110 ZONING
Article IV. SITE DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
4.5 LANDSCAPING
4.5.1 Purpose
The purposes of 4.5 are to encourage the planting and proper care of vegetation and trees throughout the city, to replenish tree stock, and to provide for appropriate screening. These actions are intended to contribute to the health, safety and welfare of the city by enhancing pedestrian facilities, decreasing flooding, soil erosion, air pollution and noise, and improving aesthetics in accordance with the comprehensive plan and the requirements of the public facilities manual. The transitional yard requirements and the screening requirements are intended to improve compatibility of uses by providing privacy and enhancing the aesthetic transition between uses.
4.5.2 Applicability
A. The landscaping regulations of 4.5 apply as set forth in the individual sections of these regulations.
B. Unless specifically exempt, all existing and proposed development for which site plan approval is required (see 6.8) shall meet the provisions of 4.5.
4.5.3 Exemptions
A. Unless otherwise expressly stated, the landscaping regulations of 4.5 do not apply to the expansion of individual single-family detached, single-family attached or duplexes dwellings.
B. Driving lanes may traverse required landscaping in a perpendicular alignment to provide the necessary ingress and egress to the parking lots.
4.5.4 General
A. What is to be landscaped
All areas that are not impervious (see 1.5.7) shall be landscaped in accordance with the requirements of 4.5.
B. Landscape plan required
A landscape plan shall be submitted in conjunction with required site plans (see 6.8) in accordance with the requirements of 4.5. A landscape architect or other qualified professional shall prepare all landscape plans.
4.5.5 Transitional yards
A. Applicability
The transitional yard regulations of 4.5.5 apply along interior property lines in those instances identified in this chapter and only to the following activities:
1. The construction or installation of any new principal building or use; and
2. The expansion of any existing principal building or principal use that results in an increase in gross floor area or site area improvements by more than five percent or 1,000 square feet, whichever is greater. In the case of expansions that trigger compliance with transitional yard requirements, transitional yard landscaping is required only in proportion to the degree of expansion. The zoning administrator is authorized to allow the transitional yard to be established adjacent to the area of expansion or to disperse transition yard landscaping along the entire site transition area.
B. Transitional yard defined
A transitional yard is a specified land area, located parallel to and within the outer perimeter of a lot or project and extending to the lot line, together with fencing or walls on the lot line, and planting and landscaping required on the land. A transitional yard is not intended to be commensurate with the term "yard" or ?setback.?
C. Transitional yard types
There are three types of required transitional yards that may occur on any given parcel (for the specific width and plant material for each transitional yard classification see 4.5.5.D).
1. District boundary transitional yards
The following table shall be used to determine the required transitional yard classification between adjacent districts.
PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT DISTRICT
RL RM RH RT-6 RT RMF CL CO CR CU CG IL IH
RL -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
RM -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
RH -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
RT TY1 TY1 TY1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
RMF TY2 TY2 TY2 TY2 TY2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
CL TY2 TY2 TY2 TY2 TY2 TY1 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
CO TY2 TY2 TY2 TY2 TY2 TY1 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
CR TY2 TY2 TY2 TY2 TY2 TY2 TY1 -- -- -- -- -- --
CU TY3 TY3 TY3 TY3 TY3 TY2 TY2 TY1 -- -- -- --
CG TY3 TY3 TY3 TY3 TY3 TY3 TY3 TY2 -- -- -- -- --
IL TY4 TY4 TY4 TY4 TY4 TY4 TY3 TY3 TY2 TY2 TY1 -- --
IH TY4 TY4 TY4 TY4 TY4 TY4 TY4 TY3 TY3 TY3 TY3 TY2 --
2. Project boundary transitional yards
Project boundary transitional yard requirements are established to mitigate the effect of planned developments on adjacent properties. The following shall be used to determine project boundary transitional yard requirements.
(a) No transitional yard is required where the width of the project?s perimeter singlefamily detached residential lots is equal to or greater than the minimum lot width of the adjoining single-family detached development or the minimum lot width required by the respective single-family detached zoning district that applies to any adjoining undeveloped parcel.
(b) Except as provided in paragraph (a) above or unless modified by the city council in the approval of a master development plan, the following boundary transitional yards shall be provided along project boundaries in accordance with 4.5.5.D:
(1) PD-R: TY2 transitional yards
(2) PD-M: TY3 transitional yards
(3) PD-C: TY3 transitional yards
(4) PD-I: TY4 transitional yards
3. Use boundary transitional yards
(a) Where townhouse developments occur adjacent to single-family detached or duplex dwellings, TY1 transitional yards shall be provided in accordance with 4.5.5.D, below.
(b) Where multifamily developments occur adjacent to single-family detached, duplex or townhouse dwellings, TY2 transitional yards shall be provided in accordance with 4.5.5.D, below.
(c) Where commercial developments occur adjacent to single-family attached, singlefamily detached, duplex, townhouse, or multifamily dwellings, TY3 transitional yards shall be provided in accordance with 4.5.5.D, below.
(d) Where industrial developments occur adjacent to single-family attached, singlefamily detached, duplex, townhouse, or multifamily dwellings, TY4 transitional yards shall be provided in accordance with 4.5.5.D, below.
D. Transitional yard classifications
Four transitional yard classifications are established in recognition of the different contexts that may exist. They are as follows:
SPECIFICATIONS TY1 TY2 TY3 TY4
Minimum Transitional Yard Width [1] (feet) 7.5 10 15 30
Minimum Fence or Wall Height (feet) on Lot Line [2] 6 6 6 6
Minimum Trees (per 100 feet)
Canopy NA 3 4 4
Understory 4 3 4 5
Minimum Shrubs (per 100 feet) NA NA 4 5
[1] Yard widths calculated on the basis of average per 100 feet, provided that the yard width at any point may not be less than 50 percent of the minimums stated in the table. Required zoning district setbacks may be counted toward satisfying transitional yard widths.
[2] On or adjacent to the lot line. Additional understory trees or shrubs may be substituted for required fence or wall via alternative compliance (4.5.10).
E. Location of transitional yards
Transitional yards shall be located within the outer perimeter of a lot or parcel, parallel to and extending to the lot or parcel boundary line. Transitional yards shall not be located on any portion of an existing, dedicated or reserved public or private street or right-of-way.
F. Ownership of transitional yards
Transitional yards may remain in the ownership of the original applicant; they may be subjected to deed restrictions and subsequently be freely conveyed; or they may be transferred to any consenting grantees, such as the city, a land conservancy or land trust, or common interest community association (see 4.13). Any such conveyance shall guarantee the protection and maintenance of the transitional yard in accordance with the provisions of 4.5.
G. Landscape materials and design
Landscape materials used to satisfy the transitional yard requirements of 4.5.5 are subject to the regulations of 4.5.9.
4.5.6 Tree requirements
A. Tree canopy
The following 10-year minimum tree canopy requirements shall apply in the respective districts: (figure)
B. Street trees
In all general districts except the RL, RM, RH and CU districts, a minimum ten foot wide landscaped strip shall be provided along all streets. Street trees shall be required along all streets at the rate of one canopy tree for every 40 linear feet and spaced a maximum of 50 feet part.
1. All street trees shall be planted no less than three feet or more than 15 feet from the back of the curb or edge of pavement.
2. No tree shall be planted within a safe sight triangle (4.3.4) or closer than 10 feet from any fire hydrant.
C. Landscape materials and design
Landscape material used to satisfy the tree requirements of 4.5.6 are subject to the regulations of 4.5.9.
4.5.7 Parking lot landscaping
A. Applicability
1. 4.5.7 applies to:
(a) New on-site surface parking lots with more than 10 spaces; and
(b) The expansion of any existing surface parking lot if the expansion results in 10 or more new parking spaces, in which case the requirements of 4.5.7 apply only to the expanded area.
2. For purposes of 4.5.7, multiple platted lots contained on a single site plan and any separate parking lots connected with drive aisles are considered a single parking lot.
B. Low impact development (LID)
Low impact development (LID) techniques that capitalize on and are consistent with natural resources and processes will be incorporated in parking lot landscaping whenever practicable, including but not limited to:
1. Rain catchment and harvesting for on-site irrigation purposes; and
2. Rain gardens (shallow depressions or swales) that slow storm runoff and reduce the impact of what is found in stormwater as it enters storm drainage control systems.
C. Perimeter
1. The perimeter of all parking lots with frontage on any portion of a public right-of way shall be screened by a continuous landscaped hedge, a wall, or fence supported by masonry piers. Perimeter screening shall be at least 30 inches in height at the time of installation, and any planted screening shall reach a minimum height of 36 inches within two years of planting.
2. The perimeter of all parking lots adjacent to residentially zoned property shall provide a transitional yard TY3 (See 4.5.5).
D. Interior
1. Interior islands
An interior landscaped island shall be provided for every ten spaces. Each island shall contain a minimum of 200 square feet with a minimum width of eight feet inside the curb and include a minimum of one canopy tree; provided that, where an island includes a sidewalk, such islands shall contain a minimum of 400 square feet with a minimum of 15 feet inside the curb. Planting islands shall be evenly distributed throughout the parking lot; with no parking space located more than 50 feet from a planting island. Interior islands may be consolidated or intervals may be expanded in order to preserve existing trees, where approved by the zoning administrator.
2. Terminal islands
All rows of spaces shall terminate in a curbed landscaped island. Each island shall conform to the specifications described in 4.5.7.D.1, above.
3. Median islands
A median island with a minimum width of eight feet inside the curb shall be sited between every six single parking rows. Median intervals may be expanded in order to preserve existing trees, where approved by the zoning administrator.
E. Parking structures
1. General
Parking lot interior landscaping requirements shall not apply to parking structures.
2. Perimeter landscaping
Structured parking above finished grade shall comply with building setback requirements. Landscaping for parking structures shall be provided in all yards pursuant to perimeter landscaping requirements for surface parking. However, where the location of such structure with respect to property boundary and adjacent structures will substantially inhibit the growth of the required trees, such trees may be located along another perimeter of the site in a manner approved by the zoning administrator.
F. Curbs and vehicle barriers
Landscaped areas in or abutting parking lots must be protected by concrete curbing, anchored wheel stops, or other durable barriers approved by the zoning administrator. Curbs protecting landscaped areas may be perforated, have gaps, or otherwise be designed to allow stormwater runoff to pass through them.
G. Landscape materials and design
Landscape material used to satisfy the parking lot landscaping requirements of 4.5.7 are subject to the regulations of 4.5.9.
4.5.8 Screening
A. Features to be screened
The following features must be screened from view of public rights-of-way, public open spaces and from lots used or zoned for residential purposes, as specified in 4.5.8.
1. Drive-through windows/facilities, subject to 4.5.8.B;
2. Ground-mounted mechanical equipment, subject to 4.5.8.C;
3. Outdoor storage of materials, supplies, vehicles and equipment, subject to 4.5.8.D;
4. Pick-up and drop-off containers and facilities, subject to 4.5.8.E;
5. Roof-mounted mechanical equipment, subject to 4.5.8.F; and
6. Trash receptacles and service areas, subject to 4.5.8.G.
B. Drive-through windows/facilities
Drive-through windows/facilities and lanes shall be subject to the following screening requirements:
1. Drive-through windows/facilities and lanes placed between the right-of-way and the associated building shall require landscape plantings installed and maintained along the entire length of the drive-through lane, located between the drive-through lane and the adjacent right-of-way.
2. Such screening shall be a compact evergreen hedge or other type of dense foliage. At the time of installation, such screening shall be at least 36 inches in height and shall reach a height of 48 inches within two years of planting.
C. Ground-mounted mechanical equipment
All ground-mounted mechanical equipment over 30 inches in height must be screened from view by a solid fence, solid wall, dense hedge, or combination of such features. The hedge, fence or wall must be tall enough to screen the equipment.
D. Outdoor storage of materials, supplies, vehicles and equipment
1. On nonresidential lots, all stored materials, supplies, merchandise, vehicles, commercial vehicles, boats (or similar), trailers, recreational vehicles, equipment, or other similar materials that are not on display for direct sale, rental or lease to the ultimate consumer or user must be screened by landscaping or solid fencing or wall, with a minimum height of six feet at the time of installation. (See also 4.10)
2. On residential lots, all stored materials, supplies, equipment, or other similar materials, including any vehicles, trailers, commercial vehicles, boats (or similar), recreational vehicles, or similar vehicles kept on an unsurfaced area, shall be located in the side or rear yard, screened from the view from the street and first story of any neighboring dwelling to the extent possible by landscaping or solid fencing or wall, and the total area for such outdoor storage shall not occupy more than 25 percent of the side and rear yards combined.
3. On residential lots, one commercial vehicle of a weight less than 9,000 pounds, one commercial trailer, or one noncommercial vehicle of a weight more than 9,000 pounds but less than 15,000 pounds may be kept in accordance with the provisions of City Code, Section 98-147(c). Screening shall not be required provided the vehicle or trailer is kept on a surfaced area.
4. On residential lots, boats (or similar) on trailers and noncommercial trailers may be kept without screening, provided the trailer is kept on a surfaced area.
5. On residential lots, screening shall not be required for firewood, outdoor furniture, portable grills, or similar items accessory to the residential use or for storage of materials and equipment related to a construction project for which a valid building permit is in effect and where the materials and equipment are maintained in an orderly condition and do not constitute a hazard.
E. Pick-up and drop-off containers and facilities
Pick-up and drop-off containers and facilities shall be screened from the first story window(s) of any neighboring dwellings by a solid fence, solid wall, dense hedge, or combination of such features. The hedge, fence or wall must be tall enough to screen the equipment.
F. Roof-mounted mechanical equipment
1. Roof-mounted mechanical equipment (e.g., air conditioning, heating, cooling, ventilation, exhaust and similar equipment, but not elevator shafts, solar panels, wind energy or similar renewable energy devices) over 30 inches in height must be screened from ground-level view at the property line in one of the following ways:
(a) A parapet wall;
(b) A solid screen, which shall be an integral part of the building?s architectural design; or
(c) An equipment setback from roof edges that is at least three feet in depth for each one foot of equipment height.
2. Fire safety access shall be provided.
G. Trash receptacles and service areas
1. Trash receptacles and service areas (e.g., recycling containers, grease barrels, medical waste bins) must be screened from view of streets and all abutting lots with a solid wall or opaque fence, with doors or gates, at least six feet in height.
2. Trash receptacles and service areas may be located in parking lot but shall not reduce applicable parking requirements.
3. Trash receptacles and service areas may not be located in the required front or side (street) yard.
H. Landscape materials and design
Landscape material used to satisfy the screening requirements of 4.5.8 are subject to the regulations of 4.5.9.
4.5.9 Landscape material and design
A. Landscaping within required landscaped areas
Required landscaped areas must be covered with biodegradable mulch and/or ground cover plants.
B. Plant types
There are three plant types referred to in this section, and all shall require the use of locallyadapted plants. They include canopy trees, understory trees and shrubs, defined as follows:
1. Canopy trees
Large deciduous shade trees with a mature height of 30 feet or greater and a mature spread of 30 feet or greater, with a mature height of 20 feet or greater.
2. Understory trees
(a) Small deciduous trees or large deciduous shrubs with a mature height of 10 to 30 feet, except under overhead utilities, where lower heights at maturity may be required; or
(b) Trees or large shrubs at least 10 feet tall at maturity that usually have green foliage throughout all seasons of the year.
3. Shrubs
Prostrate or upright woody plants, either evergreen or deciduous, with a mature height usually less than 10 feet. Evergreen shrubs usually have green foliage throughout all seasons of the year.
C. Required fencing and walls
Fencing and walls used for required screening and in transitional yards shall:
1. Be constructed of high quality materials, such as decorative blocks, brick, stone, treated wood, or composite wood-like material complementary to the principal structure; Chain-link fences and barbed wire or concertina wire shall not be utilized for screening purposes;
2. Breaks in the fence or wall may be provided for pedestrian connections to adjacent properties; and
3. The maximum length of a continuous, unbroken and uninterrupted fence or wall plane shall be 100 feet; visual relief shall be provided at intervals not exceeding 100 feet through the use of masonry columns at reasonable intervals.
D. Existing trees and vegetation
Existing non-invasive trees and shrubs count toward satisfying the landscaping regulations of 4.5 if they are located within the subject area and they comply with the plant height and size requirements of 4.5.9.
1. Tree management plan
A tree management plan shall be required prior to the removal or destruction of existing trees that are at least five inches in diameter measured at breast height (DBH), including the following information, except as deemed necessary by the zoning administrator:
(a) The location, size, condition and species of all trees which are at least five inches in diameter to be preserved or removed;
(b) The location, size and species of all trees to be preserved or removed;
(c) Specifications for the removal of trees and protection of trees during construction;
(d) Proposed grade changes or other potentially injurious work adjacent to trees designated for preservation with specifications for maintaining ground drainage and aeration around such trees;
(e) The location, size and species of all trees to be planted; and
(f) Such other information that the zoning administrator deems essential.
2. Tree protection during construction
(a) Existing trees specified on the landscape plan to remain on the site shall be protected from vehicular movement and material storage over their root spaces during construction. An undisturbed area with a porous surface shall be reserved around a tree, based on the drip line or as specified by an arborist or landscape architect.
(b) A temporary tree protection fence shall be installed along the drip line.
3. Tree removal
(a) Diseased trees or trees weakened by age, storm, fire or other injury may be removed in accordance with this 4.5.9.D.3. Trees that are damaging or can be reasonably expected to damage buildings, streets, sidewalks or other infrastructure may be removed, subject to verification of site conditions by the zoning administrator. All other tree removal should be based on a consideration of the following:
(1) The effect of the proposed tree removal upon the stabilization of soil, lakes, ponds, streams and rivers;
(2) The intended use of the property and feasible alternatives which would preserve existing trees;
(3) The existing topography, proposed changes in the topography and proposed landscaping;
(4) The hardship imposed or the reasonable use denied to the applicant as a result of permit denial;
(5) Historical value of the trees;
(6) Good horticultural and forestry practices;
(7) The effect of the proposed tree removal on the deadening and absorption of sound;
(8) The likelihood that the proposed action will adversely affect the control of flooding or soil erosion;
(9) The impact of such action on surrounding property or persons; and
(10) The consistency of the proposed action with the purpose of 4.5.1.
(b) Trees that are approved by the zoning administrator for removal shall be replaced with new trees or large shrubs on the same property and in the same general location.
4.5.10 Alternative compliance
In order to encourage creativity in landscape and screening design and to allow for flexibility in addressing atypical, site-specific development/redevelopment challenges, the zoning administrator is authorized to approve alternative compliance landscape plans subject to the following findings:
A. The approved administrative alternate meets the intent of the landscaping regulations;
B. The approved administrative alternate complies with the comprehensive plan and adopted city plans; and
C. The approved administrative alternate is considered equal to or better than the standard.
(10-1-16)
Falls Church City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 48 ZONING
ARTICLE V. SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS
DIVISION 8. LANDSCAPING
Sec. 48-1181. Commercial, multifamily and mixed-use development perimeter parking lot landscaping.
The perimeter around off-street parking lots, newly constructed and/or existing, shall be landscaped in accordance with this section whenever a site plan is required for the property upon which it is located. The area shall be landscaped with a combination of trees, shrubs, fences, and walls and/or berms of sufficient height and density. The purpose of the landscaping is to screen the parking or other vehicular use area from public streets and/or abutting properties; to provide street and/or shade trees; and to provide an attractive appearance in keeping with the city's character.
(1) Perimeter parking lot landscaping adjacent to public streets.
a. Perimeter parking lot landscaping shall be provided between an off-street parking area or other vehicular use area and any adjacent public street. If the area is screened by an intervening structure such as a building, screening is not required.
b. A solid landscaped planting strip that is at least 3? feet in height and ten feet in width shall be provided. This strip shall contain a minimum of 25 small shrubs and four canopy trees per 100 linear feet. See table 4 in section 48-1185 for minimum vegetation size requirements.
c. In cases where substantial grading results in a parking lot lower in elevation than the adjacent right-of-way, the resulting embankment should be planted with the required vegetation.
(2) Perimeter parking lot landscaping adjacent to abutting properties.
a. Nonresidential zoned properties.
1. A solid landscaped planting strip that is at least 3? feet in height and at least ten feet in width shall be provided. This strip shall contain a minimum of 25 small shrubs and four canopy trees per 100 linear feet. See table 4 in section 48-1185 for minimum vegetation size requirements.
2. Where the required landscaped strip abuts an existing hedge, wall or other durable barrier on the abutting property, the existing barrier may partially satisfy the landscape requirements of this subsection, provided that the existing hedge, wall or other durable barrier meets the screening height is attractive in appearance and the required trees have adequate space to grow.
b. Residential zoned properties. A solid landscaped planting strip at least that is five feet in height and at least ten feet in width shall be provided. This strip shall contain a minimum of 25 large shrubs and four canopy trees per 100 linear feet. See table 4 in section 48-1185 for minimum vegetation size requirements.
(Code 1982, ? 38-30(c); Ord. No. 1766, 9-13-2004)
Sec. 48-1182. Commercial, multifamily and mixed-use development interior parking lot landscaping.
(a) Interior parking lot landscaping shall apply to all parking lots that are 3,420 square feet in size and/or whenever a site plan is required for the property upon which it is located. Interior parking lot areas shall be located and landscaped in such a manner as to divide and break up the expanse of pavement and to provide for safe movement of vehicles and pedestrians. Furthermore, parking lots shall be adequately constructed to support shade trees, which reduce the negative environmental impacts of impervious surface area and improve the aesthetics of parking lots.
(b) Parking lot areas shall contain a minimum of five percent interior landscaping in addition to any required perimeter landscaping. Trees located in a required perimeter landscape planting strip shall not be credited toward the interior parking lot landscaping requirements. The five percent interior parking lot landscaping requirement calculations shall be clearly labeled and vegetation included in the calculations shown on the landscape plan.
(1) One planting island of a minimum area of 162 square feet shall be provided for every 3,240 square feet of parking lot area. Each planting island shall contain a minimum of one shade tree per 162 square feet, shrubs and/or groundcover throughout the entire area of the planting island.
(2) Required trees shall be located in islands or medians, between rows of parking spaces, and/or at the end of parking bays. Every parking space shall be located no more than 90 feet from an interior parking lot tree.
(3) Planting islands shall be a minimum inside dimension of nine feet by 18 feet in area, underlain by soil (not base course material) prepared to a minimum depth of 24 inches. Alternatively, structural soil or irrigation may be used to aid in the sustainability of the vegetation.
(Code 1982, ? 38-30(d); Ord. No. 1766, 9-13-2004)
Falls Church City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 48 ZONING
ARTICLE V. SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS
DIVISION 8. LANDSCAPING
Sec. 48-1184. Design criteria.
(a) Preparation. Landscape plans shall be prepared by a landscape architect, landscape designer, certified arborist or Virginia Certified Nurseryman (VCN).
(1) Vegetation should be chosen from the Recommended List of Trees and Shrubs to Plant in the City of Falls Church. The applicant may propose the use of vegetation or designs that fulfill the intent of this section, with the approval of the city arborist.
(2) Required vegetation in screening landscape planting strips, landscaping in interior parking lot areas and buffers shall be distributed over their entire lengths and widths.
(3) Vegetation may be arranged symmetrically (formal) or asymmetrically (informal) and shall be grouped to form plant clusters. Informal groupings that reflect the natural character of the region are encouraged.
(b) Diversity and variety. To increase the diversity of the age and species in the urban forest, consideration shall be given to save mature trees and to plant trees on sites where the tree population is over maturing. Also, to allow for a variety of interest in form, color and height to reduce the opportunity for pest and disease population increase, the following chart shall be used to select the appropriate number of species:
Plant Diversity Chart
Number of Plant Materials / Min. Number of Species / Max. of any one Species (%)
- 0 - 5 / 1 / 100
- 6 - 15 / 2 / 50
-16 - 30 / 3 / 40
- 31 - 50 / 4 / 30
- 50+ / 6 / 20
(c) Location, dimension and spacing. The location, dimension and spacing of required plantings shall be adequate for their proper growth and maintenance, taking into consideration the sizes of such plantings at maturity and the present and future environmental requirements, such as wind, soil, moisture and sunlight.
(d) City parkland or other ecologically sensitive areas. Where the required plantings abut city parkland or other ecologically sensitive areas, vegetation shall be noninvasive and be selected from indigenous trees, shrubs and perennials. This is to restrict the introduction of invasive plant species; vegetation shall be determined by the city arborist.
(e) Foundation plantings. To soften the edge of the building in the landscape, a five-foot-wide planting area may be required in instances where the proposed building is not abutting the public right-of-way, sidewalks or parking lot. Vegetation should achieve a minimum of 3? feet to five feet in height.
(f) Street trees. Street trees shall be required when they abut or lie within a proposed subdivision or development and/or redevelopment along all proposed public and private streets.
(1) Where there is no public right-of-way, a perpetual easement for street tree planting and maintenance may be requested of the developer and recorded on the development plan.
(2) Trees placed in the public right-of-way shall become the responsibility of the city to maintain and replace.
(3) Tree canopy coverage provided by street trees planted in conjunction with residentially zoned R1-A or R1-B lots may be credited towards the lot's minimum canopy coverage requirements.
(g) Off-street parking structures. Off-street parking structures shall conform to all applicable provisions of article V, division 6 of this chapter, pertaining to yard requirements. Landscaping shall be provided and maintained in all yards. Suitable facades shall be provided as part of the structure. Landscaping requirements shall not apply to parking spaces within such structures. A wall at least 3? feet in height shall surround any parking which is on top of a structure, and suitable plantings shall be provided to buffer the view of such parking from nearby properties and rights-of-way.
(h) Landscape borders. All landscaped areas adjacent to any vehicular travel way, parking space or other vehicular use area shall be bordered by a six-inch concrete header curb. Wheel stops or other appropriate devices may be substituted when the department of public works determines that such alternative devices are needed for drainage purposes.
(i) Sight distance for landscaping adjacent to points of access. Plantings shall be selected and located so they do not contribute to conditions that may be hazardous to public safety. Such locations include, but are not limited to, public street rights-of-way, underground and aboveground utilities.
(j) Accessway interacting with public right-of way. When an accessway intersects a public right-of-way, all landscaping within the triangular areas described in this subsection shall provide unobstructed horizontal visibility between three feet and six feet above pavement level. Tree trunks may be permitted in these areas provided they do not constitute a traffic hazard. The triangular areas referred to in this subsection are formed by each side of the accessway and public right-of-way line, with each side being ten feet in length from the point of intersection, and the third side being a line connecting the ends of the two other sides.
(k) Landscaping adjustments after installation. In the event that the landscaping materials approved by the planning commission cannot be installed due to unavailability, or if the installed varieties fail, substitute materials may be installed, provided they are approved by the city arborist.
(l) Exceptions. The planning commission may waive or modify the requirements of this section where adjacent properties are developed under a unified site plan or where the strict interpretation of these provisions would reduce the usable area of a site to a point that would preclude a reasonable use. In such instances, special landscaping and/or architectural techniques may be required in lieu of the requirements of this subsection. The planning commission may also attach conditions to any such waiver or modification to ensure that the results of the waiver of modification shall be in accord with the purposes and intent of this subsection.
(Code 1982, ? 38-30(f); Ord. No. 1766, 9-13-2004)
Farmville Town Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 27 TREES AND SHRUBS
Sec. 27-8. New landscaping.
In the development of commercial property and subdivisions, the town manager, horticulturist, and building inspector shall review landscaping plans and may require changes as recommended for street trees to be planted in any of the streets, parking lots and other public places.
(Ord. No. 102, 6-15-2006)
Franklin ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
APPEDIX A. ZONING ORDINANCE
[This Appendix D contains the Zoning Ordinance of the City of Franklin adopted on 4-11-1994. Except for nonsubstantive stylistic changes, these provisions are set out as enacted. Words appearing in brackets [ ] were added by the editor for clarity.]
Division 3. Landscaping of Vehicular Use Areas
Sec. 25.11. Intent.
The intent of this division is to ensure attractive views of vehicular use areas such as parking lots, driveways, loading and service areas, utility service areas and utility devices from streets and adjacent properties by screening such areas from adjacent properties and public rights-of-way; by moderating temperatures of impervious areas, by abating glare from parking lots or service areas and by helping to filter vehicular exhaust. This division specifies minimum requirements and design standards while allowing flexibility in design.
[Amended by Ord. No. 2004-22, 8-23-2004]
Sec. 25.12. Definition.
Vehicular use areas are areas in which motor vehicles are either stored or driven, including private access driveways, parking lots containing more than five parking spaces, vehicular display lots (vehicles for sale, rent, or lease), loading and service areas, utility service areas and utility devices, including, but not limited to, electrical substations, electrical transformers and pumping stations. Portions of interior vehicular use drives with no parking spaces on either side or used exclusively as access to loading and service areas are excluded from this definition.
[Amended by Ord. No. 2004-22, 8-23-2004]
Sec. 25.13. Vehicular use areas adjacent to buffer areas.
Where vehicular use areas are located adjacent to required buffer areas, the required buffer area landscaping as set forth in division 2 above counts toward satisfying the planting requirements for the vehicular use area.
[Amended by Ord. No. 2004-22, 8-23-2004]
Sec. 25.14. Vehicular use area landscaping requirements.
(a) Design standards for parking lots are as follows:
(1) All parking lots must have at least one canopy tree at least eight feet in height and 1 3/4 to two inches in caliper measured one foot above grade when planted with an expected mature height of 35 feet or more within 60 feet of each parking place or two small trees and/or large tree-form shrubs instead of one canopy tree, if overhead utility lines will impair the canopy tree's growth to maturity, the midpoint between said trees being within 60 feet of each parking space.
(2) Existing trees. Existing health canopy trees, meeting the size requirements set forth in 1. above, may be counted toward the requirements of this section, provided that tree protection methods are installed at least six feet from the trunks of existing trees or groupings of trees or one foot for each one inch in caliper for each tree or grouping of trees to be retained and maintained in a healthy growing condition before, during and after development of the site.
(3) Landscape areas for parking lots may be provided in islands located at the ends of rows of parking spaces, in medians located between rows of parking bays or adjacent to and within ten feet of the perimeter of the parking lot.
(4) All planting medians and islands in parking lots shall be at least seven feet wide, measured from the back of each curb and must contain at least 300 square feet for each canopy tree or two small substitute trees. Median planting strips between rows of parking bays are encouraged rather than numerous small, one tree islands. If medians are used, the distance of parking spaces from the trunk of a canopy tree or two small substitute trees may be increased to 75 feet as long as the trees planted in the medians are spaced no further than 50 feet on center.
(5) All parking lots within 20 feet from the street or any adjacent property will be screened from the right of way and any adjacent properties by evergreen plantings that will attain a height of at least three feet within three years, planted no more than six linear feet apart.
(6) Opaque fences or walls, at least 60 inches in height and architecturally compatible with the principal on-site building in construction and color., may be substituted for a maximum of 50 percent of the required shrubs to screen parking lots from adjacent properties when located within 20 feet of such properties.
(7) Berms may be installed within the area between parking lots and street rights-of-way with a minimum height of 1 1/2 feet, minimum crown width of two feet, and side slopes no greater than 3:1 ratio. Berms shall be planted with shrubs which may be lower than 18 inches in height when installed, but berms and shrubs must achieve a minimum combined height of three feet within three years.
(8) All parking lots shall provide landscaped areas equivalent to at least eight percent of the paved area of the lot.
(b) Design standards for loading and service areas are as follows:
All loading and service areas, including trash collection areas or dumpster refuse containers, when not screened by an intervening building or other structure, shall be screened from adjacent properties and streets by evergreen plant materials which can be expected to reach a height of six feet or greater within three years of installation or by opaque fences or walls at least six feet in height and architecturally compatible with the principal on-site building in construction and color.
(c) Designs standards for utility service areas and utility devices are as follows:
Any utility service area or utility device located within 20 feet of a public right-of-way and more than 36 inches in height shall be screened from the public right-of-way, which screening may not intrude into the public right-of-way. Screening shall be by evergreen plantings a minimum of 18 inches in height when installed and expected to reach a mature height and width equal to, or greater than, the utility service area or utility device, including, but not limited to, electrical substations, electrical transformers and pumping stations to be screened. Screening shall be accomplished in such a manner as to allow safe operation and access to the utility service area or utility device.
(d) Design standards for parking structures are as follows:
When parking is provided in above or below ground structures, the above requirements for parking lots shall not apply. However, if the parking structure is visible from a street right-of-way or adjacent property, one deciduous or evergreen canopy tree at least eight feet in height and 1 3/4 to two inches in caliper measured one foot above grade when planted with an expected mature height of 35 feet or more or two deciduous or evergreen substitute trees for every 25 linear feet of the structure shall be planted between the structure and the adjacent property or right-of-way.
(e) Design standards for vehicle display lots are as follows:
Where vehicle display lots are located within 20 feet of a street right-of-way, one canopy tree as defined in ? 25.16(d) or two small trees per 50 linear feet and one evergreen shrub for every six lineal feet of street frontage shall be installed. Trees and shrubs may be grouped together to enhance design elements.
[Amended by Ord. No. 2004-22, 8-23-2004]
Franklin ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
APPEDIX A. ZONING ORDINANCE
[This Appendix D contains the Zoning Ordinance of the City of Franklin adopted on 4-11-1994. Except for nonsubstantive stylistic changes, these provisions are set out as enacted. Words appearing in brackets [ ] were added by the editor for clarity.]
Division 4. Street Yard Landscaping
Sec. 25.15. Intent.
This division is intended to establish a landscaped area adjacent and parallel to any public street right-of-way. This street yard shall be planted with live, healthy trees to provide a pleasing appearance, a continuity of vegetation, a reduction in impervious surfaces, a reduction in stormwater runoff, improvements in air quality and increased shaded areas.
[Amended by Ord. No. 2004-22, 8-23-2004]
? 25.16. Street yard design standards.
(a) Generally. Street yards shall be landscaped with live vegetation and maintained by the property owner. Such landscaping may be used to help satisfy the requirements for buffer areas (division 2) and vehicular use area landscaping (division 3).
(b) Impervious surfaces. Access driveways shall cross the street yard as near to a 90-degree angle as is practical given the shape and topography of the property. No other impervious surfaces may be used in calculating the street yard area requirements.
? Tree quantity. Street yards shall contain at least one canopy tree for every 50 linear feet of street yard, or fraction thereof, for the entire frontage of the site. Trees may be grouped together to enhance the appearance of the site and enhance the design of the landscaping, but no trees shall be installed closer than ten feet on center. No more than 25 percent of the required trees shall be evergreen.
(d) Tree size. Trees shall be a minimum of 1 3/4 to two inches in caliper measured one foot above grade and a minimum of eight feet in height at installation and shall be expected to achieve a minimum height of 35 feet at maturity unless the canopy of such a tree will be impaired by utility lines, in which case two small trees may be substituted therefor.
? Existing trees. Existing trees may be used to satisfy the requirements for street yard planting, provided that these trees meet the size requirements of subsection (d) above and are maintained in a healthy growing condition before, during and after development of the site.
(f) Street yard width and area requirements. All new developments shall provide a street yard that averages at least ten feet in width and is no less than six feet in width at any point along its street frontage as measured perpendicularly to the public street right-of-way. The minimum area of the street yard in square feet shall be equal to the length of the property along the right-of-way in linear feet times ten. Street yard widths in excess of 20 feet shall not be calculated in determining the minimum area. Access drives are excluded in calculating the length of the street yard.
[Amended by Ord. No. 2004-22, 8-23-2004]
Fredericksburg City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 72. Unified Development Ordinance
[HISTORY: Adopted by the City Council of the City of Fredericksburg 10-8-2013 by Ord. No. 13-16; recodified 12-12-2013. Amendments noted where applicable.]
Sec. 72-53.3. Alternative parking plans.
The Zoning Administrator is authorized to approve an alternative parking plan as an element of a site plan, as set forth within this section. The alternative parking plan may include a combination of one or more of the following parking alternatives for a single use. Reductions in the minimum number of required parking spaces in order to preserve the root zones of existing, healthy specimen trees in accordance with ? 72-55.6, Trees, shall not require approval of an alternative parking plan.
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G. Alternative materials. The Zoning Administrator may approve an alternative parking plan that authorizes the use of alternative paving materials for vehicular use areas. The use of pervious or semi-pervious parking area surfacing materials ? including, but not limited to, "grass-crete," "turfstone," geo-cells, porous concrete, or recycled materials (such as rubber, used asphalt, brick, block, and concrete) ? may be approved for a vehicular use area on a site, upon a determination that the property owner has provided sufficient assurance that such areas will be properly maintained. Such assurance may be demonstrated by written instrument recorded among the City's land records, site plan provisions, or other methods satisfactory to the Zoning Administrator with the approval of the City Attorney. Where possible, such materials should be used in areas proximate to and in combination with on-site stormwater control devices or tree protection measures (see Figure 72-53.3G, Alternative Materials).
[Amended 1-27-2015 by Ord. No. 15-03]
Fredericksburg City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 72. Unified Development Ordinance
[HISTORY: Adopted by the City Council of the City of Fredericksburg 10-8-2013 by Ord. No. 13-16; recodified 12-12-2013. Amendments noted where applicable.]
SECTION 72-55. Landscaping
Sec. 72-55.2. Vehicular use area landscaping.
All vehicular use areas shall include landscaping, both within the interior of the vehicular use area and around its perimeter (see Figure 72-55.2, Vehicular Use Area Landscaping).
A. Interior landscaping standards. All parking lots with containing more than 12 parking spaces in a row shall provide and maintain landscaped planting areas within the interior of the parking lot in accordance with the standards in this subsection. These standards shall not apply to parking structures, or vehicle display areas.
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(2) Design. Unless altered through an Alternative Landscape Plan (see ? 72-55.7), interior planting areas shall be designed in accordance with the following standards:
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(d) No parking space shall be separated from the trunk of a shade or canopy tree by more than 50 feet. Perimeter vehicular use area landscaping or other required landscaping may be used to meet this requirement.
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(3) Planting rate. Each interior planting island shall contain trees at the minimum rate of two aggregate caliper inches (ACI) of canopy tree for every 180 square feet of island area, except for locations directly under overhead utilities, where 1.5 ACI of understory trees may be substituted for each required canopy tree.
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B. Perimeter landscaping strips. Where a vehicular use area abuts a street right-of-way, vacant land, or any other development (except another parking lot), perimeter landscaping strips shall be provided and maintained between the vehicle use area and the abutting right-of-way or property line in accordance with the following standards.
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(5) Required materials.
(a) Evergreen shrubs shall be used to form the continuous visual screen in the perimeter landscaping strip.
(b) In addition to the evergreen shrub requirements, each perimeter landscaping strip shall include at least eight aggregate caliper inches (ACI) of canopy trees per 100 linear feet of landscaping strip. Understory trees may be used beneath overhead utilities.
Hampton ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
ZONING ORDINANCE
Chapter 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS
ARTICLE II. REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO MANY OR ALL ZONING DISTRICTS
Sec. 1-30. - General green area requirements.
(1) In development of property other than that zoned R-LL, RT-1, MD- 1, MD-2, MD-3, MD-4, PO-1, PO-2, DT-1, DT-2, DT-3, HRC-1, HRC-2, HRC-3, BB-1, BB-2, BB-3, BB-4, BB-5, O-CBP and O-CC, and all one-family, two-family and duplex dwellings, a minimum of ten (10) percent of the land area of the lot shall be designated as green area for trees, shrubs and turf.
(2) The following criteria shall be met:
(a) No accessory uses or structures except utilities and stormwater management facilities shall be located in a green area.
(b) In any parking area, including drive aisles and drive-throughs regardless of size, a minimum ten (10) foot green area shall be provided immediately adjacent to any existing or future public right-of-way.
(c) In any parking area containing thirty (30) or more spaces, seven (7) percent of the interior of the parking area shall be reserved and maintained as green area. Each green area within the parking area shall be no less than eight (8) feet wide and contain at least one hundred fifty (150) contiguous square feet of green area. This required green area may constitute no more than thirty-three (33) percent of the green area required within the parking area as well as counting toward the total green area requirement.
(3) Development sites less than two (2) acres shall comply with the following:
(a) On sites which front upon only one (1) public street, a minimum of seventy-five (75) percent of the required green shall be located within the front yard.
(b) On sites which front upon two (2) public streets or proposed rights-of-way, a minimum of seventy-five (75) percent of the required green area shall be distributed within the yard areas adjacent to the existing or proposed public rights-of-way; no such area shall contain less than thirty (30) percent of the requirement, and no less than twenty (20) percent of the required green area shall be located in each yard fronting upon existing or proposed public rights-of-way.
(4) Development sites of two (2) or more acres shall comply with the following:
(a) On sites which front upon only one (1) public street, a minimum of fifty (50) percent of the required green area shall be located within the front yard.
(b) On sites which front upon two (2) public streets or proposed rights-of-way, a minimum of fifty (50) percent of the required green area and landscaping shall be distributed within the yard areas adjacent to existing or proposed public rights-of-way; no such area shall contain less than twenty (20) percent of the requirement, and no less than ten (10) percent of the required green area shall be located in each yard fronting upon existing or proposed public rights-of-way.
(5) Green areas located within any building shall not be credited toward meeting the total green area requirement.
(6) Green areas interior to the perimeter of any structure that may serve as a court-yard may be credited toward meeting the total green area requirement.
(7) Areas designated as green areas upon the approved site plan, or subdivision plat that are utilized for storage or the display of products shall be considered in violation of the city zoning ordinance.
(8) Landscaping within green areas shall comply with the "City of Hampton Landscape Guidelines" or as otherwise proffered or conditioned pursuant to applicable provisions of the city zoning ordinance.
Sec. 1-31. Major recreational equipment, parking and storage requirements.
The parking or storage of major recreational equipment including, but not limited to, travel trailers, utility trailers, pickup campers or coaches, motorized dwellings, tent trailers, boats and boat trailers. Amphibious houseboats, or similar equipment normally used for recreational purposes shall be permitted as an accessory use in all residential districts, subject, however, to the following regulations and requirements.
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(4) Such major recreational equipment shall not be parked or stored in the front yard in any residential district, except that:
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(b) In the event such major recreational equipment cannot physically be placed within an enclosed garage, or cannot physically be placed in the side or rear yard of a residence without encroaching upon the lands of another, without violating the setback requirements for accessory buildings in the residential district, or without damage to structures or trees, then one (1) such major recreational equipment, or a combination thereof designed to be used and operated as one (1) unit, may be parked or stored on an improved driveway at a point furthermost from the public street right-of-way, not resulting in physical damage to structures or trees;
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Nothing contained in this section shall be cons1d to prohibit commercial trailers from loading and unloading in a residential district, or to prohibit the temporary use of a trailer, on site, by a contractor, while construction is in progress.
Hampton ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
ZONING ORDINANCE
Chapter 8 SPECIAL DISTRICTS
ARTICLE III. BUCKROE BAYFRONT DISTRICTS
Sec. 8-32. HRC-1 District?Hampton Roads Center South.
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(7) Green areas.
(a) A minimum of forty (40) percent of the land area of the lot shall be designated as green area for trees, shrubs and turf.
(b) Minimum green area provided immediately adjacent to any existing or future public right-of-way shall be four (4) feet from front, twenty (20) feet from side and forty (40) feet from rear property lines.
(c) Green areas within a parking area shall be no less than five (5) feet wide and contain at least sixty (60) square feet. No parking space shall be more than seventy (70) feet from a green area.
Sec. 8-33. HRC-2 District?Hampton Roads Center North.
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(5) Green area.
(a) A minimum of thirty (30) percent of the total lot area shall be dedicated to green area; however, if the property abuts a dedicated conservation area or stormwater management area that has a minimum dimension of at least fifty (50) feet, this green area requirement may be reduced to twenty-three (23) percent.
(b) Improvements permitted in required green areas are:
(i) Signs.
(ii) Decorative walls and fences.
(iii) Security gates, guard houses, walls and fences.
(iv) Fountains and decorative ponds.
(v) Stormwater control structures and facilities.
(vi) Pedestrian walks and trails, fitness stations.
(vii) Gazebos, plazas, and observation areas.
(viii) Landscape irrigation systems, controllers, and backflow devices.
(ix) Public art and park identification features.
(x) Lighting.
(xi) Underground utilities.
? The minimum green area depth requirements along public rights-of-way and other property lines are as follows:
(i) Along Magruder Boulevard: Eighty (80) feet;
(ii) Along Commander Shepard Boulevard:
(aa) East of the intersection with the Virginia Power easement: Seventy-five (75) feet maintained as a landscape buffer;
(bb) West of the intersection with the Virginia Dominion Power transmission line easement: A minimum of thirty (30) feet with an average of fifty (50) feet;
(iii) Along North Campus Parkway, Floyd Thompson Boulevard and Institute Drive (as defined in the HRCNC Master Plan): A minimum of twenty (20) feet with an average of forty (40) feet;
(iv) Along other existing or proposed public rights-of-way: Twenty (20) feet;
(v) Along side and rear property lines not abutting an existing or proposed public right-of-way:
(aa) If said property line abuts residentially zoned property: Thirty-five (35) feet maintained as an undisturbed buffer.
(bb) In all other instances: Twenty (20) feet.
(vi) Green area requirements in parking areas containing twenty (20) or more spaces are as follows:
(aa) Ten (10) percent of the parking area (including drive aisles) shall be constructed and maintained as green area for the purpose of preserving existing and/or planting new trees and shrubs.
(bb) Parking lot green areas shall be sized no less than ten (10) feet by eighteen (18) feet.
(vii) All required green areas and buffers shall be landscaped in accordance with the "City of Hampton Landscape Guidelines".
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Sec. 8-34. HRC-3 District?Hampton Roads Center West.
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(8) Green areas.
(a) A minimum of ten (10) percent of each lot and twenty (20) percent of the district area shall be retained as green space for trees, shrubs and turf.
(b) The fifty (50) foot improvement setback along Big Bethel Road shall be retained as green space, which shall be counted toward the requirements of [subsection] (1) above. This green space shall be vegetated as set forth in the "City of Hampton Landscape Guidelines".
(c) The twenty (20) foot improvement setbacks along North Park Lane and Interstate 64 shall be retained as green space, which shall be counted toward the requirements of [subsection] (1) above. This green space shall be vegetated as set forth in the "City of Hampton Landscape Guidelines".
(d) All other required improvement setbacks shall be retained as green space, which shall be counted toward the requirements of subsection 8-34(8)(a) above.
? All improvement setbacks shall be planted in compliance with the "City of Hampton Landscape Guidelines".
(f) At least ten (10) percent of any parking lot designed for thirty (30) or more cars shall be retained as green space; this shall count toward the requirements of subsection 8-34(8)(a) above.
(g) No row of parking spaces shall exceed one hundred forty-four (144) feet in length without a green space island. Such islands shall be a minimum of twelve (12) feet wide. This green area shall be counted toward the requirements of subsection 8-34(8)(f) above.
(h) Whenever two (2) rows of parking spaces abut, the required green space islands shall be a minimum of twenty-four (24) feet wide.
(i) A green space strip at least ten (10) feet wide shall be provide between buildings and parking areas except at plazas, points of entry to the building, and loading dock areas; this shall count toward the requirements in subsection 8-34(8)(a) above.
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Harrisonburg City Code View whole ordinance
Title 10 PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER 3. ZONING
ARTICLE G. OFF-STREET PARKING
Sec. 10-3-30.1. Parking lot landscaping.
This section is applicable to all uses, and to all parking lots, both required and not required, except single-family detached and duplex dwelling units. All properties being developed or redeveloped shall conform to all regulations of this section. Reference the Design and Construction Standards Manual Example Parking Lot Landscaping drawings 2.6.8 Examples A and B for visual aids of the applied regulations.
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(3) Parking lots shall include well-defined and well-maintained landscaping areas equal to at least fifteen (15) percent of the total area of the parking lot. Uses that have outdoor display areas shall include those areas for determining the required landscaping. Only landscaping within the parking lot and/or within a thirty (30) foot perimeter of the parking lot, exclusive of the required landscaping border adjacent to public street rights-of-way and landscaping immediately adjacent (within five (5) feet) to a principal building/structure, shall be permitted to count towards meeting the fifteen (15) percent requirement.
a. Parking garage exception. All parking garages, except those constructed within the B-1, Central Business District, shall calculate the required landscaping area based upon fifteen (15) percent of the total floorplate of the parking garage. Trees shall be planted and maintained on the property adjacent to, and no less than twenty (20) feet from, public street rights-of-way based upon the proportions as specified within subsections 10-3-30.1(4)a., b., c., and/or d., except such proportions shall be calculated using the public street frontage of the parcel. Parking garages, as specified herein, are exempt from the requirements set forth in subsections 10-3-30.1(5), (6), (7), (8), and (9).
(4) Trees shall be planted and maintained within landscaping borders adjacent to public street rights-of-way according to one (1) of the following:
a. No less than one (1) large deciduous tree planted for every forty (40) linear feet of parking lot street frontage, or fraction thereof. At the time of planting, tree sizes shall meet the requirements as defined in section 10-3-24, definitions. Tree locations within the border are at the discretion of the property owner/developer.
b. No less than one (1) small/ornamental deciduous tree, planted for every twenty-five (25) linear feet of parking lot street frontage, or fraction thereof. At the time of planting, tree sizes shall meet the requirements as defined in section 10-3-24, definitions. Tree locations within the border are at the discretion of the property owner/developer.
c. No less than one (1) evergreen tree may be planted for every twenty-five (25) linear feet of parking lot street frontage, or fraction thereof. Evergreen trees shall not exceed fifty (50) percent of the number trees planted within the border. At the time of planting, trees shall meet the requirements as defined in section 10-3-24. Tree locations within the border are at the discretion of the property owner/developer.
d. No less than a combination of large and small/ornamental deciduous and/or evergreen trees proportionate to subsections 10-3-30.1(4)a., b., and c. Tree locations within the border are at the discretion of the property owner/developer.
(5) Each terminus of a parking bay, unless adjacent to a landscaping border, shall have a landscaping island. A single row parking bay shall have an island with a minimum of one hundred forty (140) square feet. A double row parking bay shall have an island with a minimum of two hundred eighty (280) square feet.
(6) Rows of parking spaces shall be divided at intervals of no more than twelve (12) parking spaces by a landscaping island of no less than one hundred forty (140) square feet.
(7) Each required landscaping island, as described in subsections 10-3-30.1(5) and (6), shall have and maintain at least one (1) large deciduous tree, one (1) small/ornamental deciduous tree, or one evergreen tree. At the time of planting, tree sizes shall meet the requirements as defined in section 10-3-24, definitions. The planting of evergreen trees shall not exceed fifty (50) percent of the number of trees planted in landscaping islands. In addition, at least three (3) deciduous or evergreen shrubs, at least eighteen (18) inches tall at the time of planting, shall be planted and maintained within each required landscaping island. Landscaping islands that are less than five (5) feet in width are not required to provide large or small/ornamental deciduous trees or deciduous or evergreen shrubs.
(8) Parking lots shall have landscaping of at least nine (9) feet in width for the entire length of every other interior parking bay, connecting the landscaping islands required above. Trees shall be provided at no less than one (1) large deciduous tree planted for every forty (40) linear feet of island length, or fraction thereof; no less than one (1) small/ornamental deciduous tree, planted for every twenty-five (25) linear feet of island length, or fraction thereof; no less than one (1) evergreen tree planted for every twenty-five (25) linear feet of island length, or fraction thereof; or no less than a combination to the above mentioned proportions. The planting of evergreen trees shall not exceed fifty (50) percent of the number of trees planted in this landscaping area. At the time of planting, tree sizes shall meet the requirements as defined in section 10-3-24, definitions. Tree locations within this landscaping area are at the discretion of the property owner/developer. Parking lots with two (2) or less internal parking bays are exempt from this requirement.
(9) All areas within the parking lot, not used for parking spaces, travelways, or pedestrian ways, shall be landscaped.
(10) All landscaping shall be located as to not interfere with the adequate sight distance standards as specified within the Design and Construction Standards Manual.
(11) All required landscaping is suggested to be of regional species and planted in accordance with the International Society of Arboriculture.
(12) Vehicle parking and/or the display of goods in landscaping islands and borders is prohibited.
(13) Owner(s) and their agent(s), heirs, or assigns shall be responsible for the installation, preservation and maintenance of all planting and physical features required to satisfy the conditions of this section. Any dead or missing vegetation shall be replaced (with like or similar vegetation) within one (1) calendar year of the vegetation's death.
(14) Required planting in easements: Required trees, and other deep rooted vegetation, shall not be planted within public water and/or sewer easements. In particular circumstances where no other area within the required location can accommodate the required planting, such planting may be waived by the zoning administrator. Required planting in public general utility easements shall be coordinated with the department of public utilities.
(15) Landscaping plan submittal: Landscaping information shall be submitted with a comprehensive site plan and/or, if applicable, with a building permit, with a plan of the property at an appropriate scale to show accordance with this section. The plan shall be appropriately labeled and shall provide the following information:
a. The calculation of the required landscaping area as specified in subsection 10-3-30.1(3).
b. The location, size, and schedule of all proposed landscaping with the dimensions of landscaped areas indicated. Plant materials may be indicated in generic terms (i.e. large deciduous tree or small/ornamental deciduous tree, etc.).
c. Existing healthy trees or wooded areas, where such trees are required, may be preserved in lieu of planting new materials to meet the landscaping requirements. In such case, the landscaping plan shall indicate the trees and areas to be saved.
d. Verification that landscaping will not impede sight distance.
(16) Nonconforming landscaping: An existing building/use that has parking lot landscaping that is nonconforming as to the minimum landscaping requirements of this section may be enlarged; however, required landscaping shall be provided at least proportionate to any enlargement of the parking lot. Any enlargement of a parking lot on any property having an existing landscaping border separating parking spaces from public street right-of-way lines, which is five (5) feet or larger, shall provide trees within the border as required by subsection 10-3-30.1(4). (Note: Repaving, regraveling, redesigning, or restriping a parking lot or increasing the number of parking spaces without increasing the net square footage of a parking lot does not constitute an enlargement.)
(Ord. of 4-24-12(5); Ord. of 5-26-15)
Harrisonburg City Code View whole ordinance
Title 10 PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER 3. ZONING
ARTICLE J.2. R-3 MEDIUM DENSITY RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT
This article will be effective August 14, 2010. To develop under the previous R-3, Multiple Dwelling Residential District, Comprehensive Site Plans must be approved before August 14, 2010.
(Ord. of 8-14-07)
Sec. 10-3-48.6. Other regulations.
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(b) Off-street parking regulations for all buildings and uses permitted in this district are governed by article G. When an off-street parking lot containing five (5) or more spaces is to be constructed within an established single family detached or duplex neighborhood, such parking lot(s) shall not be located between principal buildings and a public street, unless the parcel has multiple public street frontages, and shall be screened from the public street(s) by principal buildings or by landscaping or walls. When an off-street parking garage containing five (5) or more spaces is to be constructed within an established single family detached or duplex neighborhood, such parking garage shall be located to the rear or side of principal buildings and screened from the public street(s) by principal buildings or by landscaping or walls. The parking garage cannot be located between principal buildings and public streets. Where such parking lots/garages abut single-family detached or duplex lots, they shall be screened from such lots by landscaping, fences, or walls. An adequate screen shall be a minimum five-foot wide buffer area containing the following:
- Screen Abutting Street: 4-foot high masonry wall or Evergreen hedge of 4-foot high (ultimate height) shrubs or trees planted a minimum of 5 feet on center so as to form a dense screen
- Screen Abutting Adjacent Lot: 6-foot high masonry wall or solid wood fence or Evergreen hedge of 6-foot high (ultimate height) shrubs or trees planted a minimum of 5 feet on center so as to form a dense screen
An established single-family detached or duplex neighborhood is defined as one (1) meeting at least one (1) of the following conditions:
(1) A single-family house or duplex is located on at least one (1) side, not rear, of the lot containing the parking lot/garage, or
(2) At least fifty (50) percent of the lots along both sides of the street within the same block as the parking lot/garage are occupied by single-family houses or duplexes.
(c) More than one (1) principal building may be constructed upon an unsubdivided parcel of land as density allows. The open space between each building as measured at the closest point between building walls shall not be less than thirty (30) feet. The minimum separation between buildings may be superseded by building regulations. The front fa?ade of each principal building shall face a dedicated public street or the limits of a private parking unit (as defined) and no building shall have the rear fa?ade facing a dedicated public street, unless the parcel has multiple public street frontages where rear fa?ades may front one (1) public street.
(d) Proposed building projects as permitted in this district, which rely on private refuse collection, shall provide a designated point of collection with appropriate facilities. Said facilities shall be screened and shall meet the requirements for accessory buildings per section 10-3-114.
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(Ord. of 8-14-07; Ord. of 3-22-11(2); Ord. of 1-14-14(5))
Lexington City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 420. Zoning
[HISTORY: Adopted by the City Council of the City of Lexington 12-16-1976 (Ch. 28 of the 1970 Code). Amendments noted where applicable.]
Article XI. Commercial District (Shopping Centers) C-2
[Added by Ord. No. 02-7]
Sec. 420-99. Shopping centers.
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C. Any part of the project area not used for buildings or other structures, parking, loading and accessways shall be landscaped with grass, trees, shrubs or pedestrian walks.
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Lexington City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 420. Zoning
[HISTORY: Adopted by the City Council of the City of Lexington 12-16-1976 (Ch. 28 of the 1970 Code). Amendments noted where applicable.]
Article XV. Entrance Corridor Overlay District EC
[Added by Ord. No. 98-12]
Sec. 420-141. Design standards.
All applications for certificates of appropriateness must satisfy the design standards contained in this section.
A. Landscaping.
(1) Landscaping shall be used to soften the visual impact of development and enhance the appearance of the area.
(2) Landscaping shall be sufficient to soften the visual effects of parking lots, reduce the effective visual mass of large buildings and provide screening between development, the street and surrounding lots.
(3) Landscape buffers shall be provided adjacent to public streets of sufficient size to permit street trees and plantings to be installed to reduce the visibility into parking lots.
(4) Landscaping shall be compatible with landscaping on adjacent properties.
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Luray Town Code View whole ordinance
APPENDIX A ZONING
ARTICLE IV. DISTRICT REGULATIONS
409. Planned Neighborhood Development District [PND].
409.10. Development review?PND. Within one year of approval of a master land use plan for development of a planned neighborhood, prior to the approval of building permits, the applicant shall prepare and submit for review and approval an engineered development plan, along with the fee as established in the approved schedule of fees. The applicant may petition the town council for an extension of time for submission of a development plan, provided such extension is requested at least 20 days prior to the expiration of the one-year period. The town council may grant an extension upon demonstration of good cause for up to one year.
A. Development plan. A development plan shall be submitted for all proposed commercial, residential, community facility, institutional, or multifamily residential development within a planned neighborhood development. The development plan shall be drawn to scale and shall be accompanied by a narrative, as appropriate. The development plan shall comply with the provisions of appendix A section 515 of the Code of Luray, Virginia, unless otherwise provided for herein, and the following:
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3. A landscape plan prepared by a certified landscape architect shall be submitted with each site development plan application. The development plan shall identify proposed trees, shrubs, ground cover, natural features such as rock outcroppings, other landscaping elements and planting details. When existing natural growth is proposed to remain, the applicant shall include in the plans a description of the landscaping to be retained, a statement from a certified arborist that the material is desirable and healthy, and the proposed methods to protect the retained trees and growth during and after construction.
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5. Calculation of the percentage of land area covered by the various land uses, including landscaped areas.
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409.11. Definitions?PND.
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G. Open space. Common space generally intended for passive recreation and not improved with a building, structure, vehicular travel lane, driveway, street, sidewalk, or parking area. Open space may include pedestrian ways, bike paths, trails interconnecting open space areas; undisturbed natural areas, woodlands, preservation areas; community facilities; landscaped grounds, buffers; playgrounds and tot lots; swimming and boating areas. Open space shall not include yards within individual residential lots, yards less than 30 feet wide between buildings, lands occupied by tennis courts, golf courses, and buildings.
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409.12. Evaluation criteria?PND. Application for rezoning to a planned neighborhood development district shall specifically demonstrate achievement of the following objectives. Each proposed planned neighborhood development will be evaluated on the extent to which these objectives are achieved:
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E. Efficiently utilizes land to protect and preserve natural features such as trees, streams, and topographic features.
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409.17. Off-street parking?PND.
A. The number, design, location and construction of parking lots, bays, spaces and drives shall conform to the applicable requirements of appendix A, sections 506 and 507 of the zoning ordinance.
1. Parking areas shall be planted with trees a minimum of two inches in caliper measured six inches above ground level, so that there is at least one tree per ten parking spaces within the parking lot. Such trees must be protected by curbing or other means against damage by vehicles. A minimum planting area, equivalent to 162 square feet per tree, shall be provided.
2. Parking areas shall have a landscaped island at each end of each row of vehicle spaces. No more than 15 spaces shall be laid out without an intermediate landscape island. Such planting islands shall be not less than ten feet wide in the direction parallel to the row and not less than 20 feet long in the direction perpendicular to the row. Each such island shall have a suitable poured-in-place concrete curb, or approved equal, and shall be planted with grass or ground cover. All hydrants shall be located in such islands.
409.18. Landscaping and screening?PND.
A. Screening of uses. Commercial, institutional, and community uses shall be screened from residential uses within and abutting the planned neighborhood development by a bufferyard 20 feet in width containing a minimum of three canopy trees, six understory trees, and nine shrubs per 100 feet of length (or an amount creating an equivalent effect and approved with the landscape plan) along the perimeter of the lot line abutting a residential use.
B. Screening along public roadways. Uses within a planned neighborhood development which abut an arterial street as defined in appendix B, section 502 shall be screened by a bufferyard of 20 feet in width containing a minimum of three canopy trees, six understory trees and nine shrubs per 100 feet of frontage (or an amount creating an equivalent effect and approved with the landscape plan). Canopy trees shall be deciduous shade trees planted with a minimum of two and one-half inches in caliper at six inches above the ground with a mature height of at least 35 feet. Understory trees shall be deciduous shade or fruit trees planted at minimum one and ? inch in caliper at six inches above the ground with a mature height of at least 12 feet.
C. Existing vegetation. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this section, existing vegetation shall be retained and maintained to the extent feasible in order to permit existing vegetation to fulfill or contribute to buffer and screening requirements. In lieu of strict compliance with the above bufferyard requirements, a developer may submit a detailed landscaping plan that will afford a degree of buffering and screening comparable to that provided by these regulations in making use of existing and new vegetation. For developments utilizing more than ten percent existing vegetation as a density bonus credit, a certified arborist shall provide a detailed description of the existing vegetation with notation of specimen trees, to certify compliance. The arborist report shall be accompanied by the proposed measures for ensuring preservation during and after construction in accordance with the preservation criteria stated in the Town of Luray Landscape Preservation and Planting Guide.
D. Screening of refuse collection facilities. Uses, except single-family homes within a planned neighborhood development shall provide secure, safe, and sanitary facilities for the storage and pickup of refuse. Such facilities shall be convenient to collection and shall be appropriate to the type and size of use being served. All refuse storage facilities shall be screened on three sides by a solid wooden fence or masonry wall and a tight evergreen hedge. The fourth side shall be angled to minimize the view of the refuse collection facility or shall be screened by an opaque gate made of durable materials. The screening shall be of sufficient height and design to effectively screen the facility from the view from nearby residential uses, streets, adjacent properties, and recreational facilities.
409.19. Density bonuses?PND. Residential density bonuses up to a density of 6.0 dwelling units per acre dedicated to uses other than the commercial uses set forth in appendix A, 409.21(B) and ? may be approved and granted at the discretion of the town council upon a finding that a proposed density bonus promotes the purposes of the planned neighborhood development and provides additional public benefit. Each of the following amenities and any other amenities or proffered conditions will be evaluated by the town planning commission and town council and used in negotiations with the applicant:
A. Dedicated open space. In exchange for increasing the dedicated natural open space beyond the required 25 percent, the project may qualify for a density bonus, provided the natural open space is increased by a minimum of five percent of the developable acreage. A bonus shall not be permitted for preservation areas or without sufficient justification of demonstrated benefit to the town. Priority shall be given to protecting existing stands of mature trees.
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(Res. No. 2006-02-04, ? 1, 2-13-2006)
Manassas City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 130 ZONING
ARTICLE VI. PARKING AND LOADING REQUIREMENTS
Sec. 130-206. Construction, location and arrangement of parking and loading spaces.
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(f) All loading spaces required by this chapter shall be located so as to facilitate the moving of goods directly from trucks or delivery vehicles to the main building or storage facility. All required loading spaces shall conform not regulated by a special use permit, to protect and preserve open yard areas, trees, and grass, and to minimize the impact of storm water to the design standards set forth in the city DCSM.
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(h) In the R-1, R-2 and R-2-S districts for any use not regulated by a special use permit, to protect and preserve open yard area, trees, and grass, and to minimize the impact of storm water runoff and erosion, the cumulative total of designed parking spaces, driveways and paved areas shall not exceed the total square footage as based on the following provisions.
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(5) Waiver provisions. When in the course of improving a lot, the allowable paved surface cannot be created as authorized in subsection (h)(1) a., b., or c. above, due to topography, building location, easements, specimen trees or other physical conditions beyond the control of the homeowner, or a driveway or parking space can not be placed in one of the yards as otherwise permitted, the property owner may submit a request for a waiver of subsection (h)(1)a., b. or c. above, provided that at no time shall the total area devoted to parking spaces driveways and paved areas exceed 20 percent of the total lot coverage.
Prior to issuance of the waiver, the owner of the property shall submit a request on a form provided by the zoning administrator with a plan identifying the area and location of the proposed paved area, specific topographic information or other information as necessary to support the request for a waiver. The zoning administrator shall determine the degree of the impediment and impact of the paved areas on the character of the surrounding area. In the deliberation the zoning administrator shall take into consideration the standards for driveway construction and tree preservation as found in the DCSM, the percentage of paved yard area proposed and issues a waiver when appropriate. The decision of the zoning administrator may be appealed to the board of zoning appeals in accordance with section 130-660.
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(Code 1978, ? 34.1-80.1; Ord. No. O-2002-22, ? 34.1-80.1, 2-11-2002; Ord. No. O-2003-42, ? 1, 7-14-2003; Ord. No. O-2004-36, ? 1, 2-23-2004; Ord. No. O-2005-37, ? 1, 6-20-2005; Ord. No. O-2012-12, ? 1, 4-9-2012)
Martinsville ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
APPENDIX B ZONING ORDINANCE
SECTION XIV: LANDSCAPING STANDARDS
A. Purpose and goals.
The purpose shall be to provide landscaping and buffering guidelines for developers and builders to follow in the design, installation, and maintenance of proposed high density residential, commercial and industrial development projects.
The goal shall be to promote quality landscaping design throughout the city while integrating various elements of site design, preserving and enhancing the particular identity of the site, and creating a pleasing site character.
Landscaping may include plant materials such as trees, shrubs, ground covers, perennials, and annuals, and other materials such as rocks, water, sculpture, art, walls, fences, paving materials, and street furniture.
B. Applicability and exemptions.
1. Applicability: These requirements shall apply to:
a. New principal building or use. Principal buildings or open spaces of land constructed, reconstructed, or established after the adoption of this ordinance.
b. Changes in use which result in higher intensity use that may be deemed incompatible with abutting property or properties.
c. Expansions. All expansions of buildings, parking areas, or open uses of land, except the first five hundred (500) square feet of expansion.
2. Exemptions: These requirements shall not apply to:
a. Existing and proposed single-family detached dwellings or two-family dwellings on their own lots.
b. Property lines abutting railroad rights-of-way and utility easements in excess of sixty (60) feet in width.
c. Property lines abutting dedicated street right-of-way which has remained open for a period of at least fifteen (15) years.
C. Landscape plan.
A landscape plan shall be submitted with each site plan application, unless the zoning administrator determines the project is of a minor nature or would cause minimum impact on surrounding private or public facilities. The administrator may waive any or all of the landscape plan requirements.
The plan shall identify:
1. Existing and proposed trees.
2. Shrubs and ground covers.
3. Natural features such as rock outcroppings.
4. Landscaping elements.
5. Location of proposed plantings.
6. Construction details.
7. Where existing plantings are to be retained
8. Proposed methods of protecting existing plantings during construction.
D. Site protection and general planting requirements.
1. Topsoil preservation. Topsoil moved during the course of construction shall be redistributed on all re-graded surfaces so as to provide at least four (4) inches of even cover to all disturbed areas of the development and shall be stabilized by seeding and planting.
2. Removal of debris. All stumps and other tree parts, litter, brush, weeds, excess or scrap building materials or other debris shall be removed from the site within thirty (30) days of notification by the zoning administrator and disposed of in accordance with the law. No tree stumps, or portions of tree trunks or limbs shall be buried anywhere in the development. All dead or dying trees, standing or fallen, shall be removed from the site within thirty (30) days of notification by the zoning administrator. If trees or limbs are reduced to chips, they may be used as mulch in landscaped areas, subject to approval by the administrator.
3. Protection of existing plantings. Maximum effort should be made to save fine specimens. No material or temporary soil deposits shall be placed within four (4) feet of shrubs or ten (10) feet of trees designated on the landscape plan to be retained. Protective barriers or tree wells shall be installed around each plant and/or group of plants that are to remain on the site. Barriers shall not be supported by the plants they are protecting, but shall be self supporting. They shall be a minimum of four (4) feet high and constructed of a durable material that will last until construction is completed. Snow fences and silt fences are examples of acceptable barriers.
4. Slope plantings. Landscaping of all cuts and fills and/or terraces shall be sufficient to prevent erosion, and all roadway slopes steeper than one foot vertically to three (3) feet horizontally shall be planted with ground cover appropriate for the purpose and the soil conditions, water availability and environment.
5. Additional landscaping. In high density residential developments, besides the screening and street trees required, additional plantings or landscaping elements may be required where necessary for privacy, or other reasons in accordance with the landscape plan approved by the planning commission and taking into consideration cost restraints. In nonresidential developments, all areas of the site not occupied by buildings and required improvements shall be landscaped by the planting of grass or other ground cover, shrubs, and trees as part of the landscape plan approved by the planning commission.
6. Planting specifications. Deciduous trees shall have at least a two-inch caliper at planting. Size of evergreens and shrubs shall be allowed to vary depending on setting and type of shrub. Only nursery grown plant materials shall be acceptable, and all trees, shrubs, and ground covers shall be planted according to accepted horticultural standards. Dead and dying plants shall be removed from the site within thirty (30) days of notification by the zoning administrator and shall be replaced by the developer during the following planting season.
7. Plant species. The plant species selected should be hardy for this climactic zone and growing season and appropriate in terms of function and size.
E. Shade trees.
1. Location. Shade trees shall be installed in accordance with the approved landscape plan. Trees shall be either massed or spaced evenly as design and/or topographic considerations may determine.
When trees are planted at predetermined intervals along streets, spacing shall depend on tree size, as follows.
When the spacing interval exceeds forty (40) feet, small ornamental trees can be placed between the larger trees. If a street canopy effect is desired, trees may be planted closer together following the recommendations of a landscape professional. The trees shall be planted so as not to interfere with utilities, roadways, sidewalks, sight easements, or street lights. Tree location, landscaping design, and spacing plan shall be approved by the planning commission as part of the landscape plan.
2. Tree type. Tree type may vary depending on overall effect desired, but as a general rule, all trees on a street shall be the same kind except to achieve special effects. Selection of tree type shall be approved by the planning commission.
3. Planting specifications. All trees shall have a caliper of two (2) inches and be nursery grown, of substantially uniform size and shape, and have straight trunks. Trees shall be properly planted and staked and provision made by the applicant for regular watering and maintenance until they are established. Dead and dying trees shall be removed from the site within thirty (30) days of notification by the zoning administrator and shall be replaced by the applicant during the next planting season.
F. Buffering.
1. Function and materials. Buffering shall provide a year round visual screen in order to minimize adverse impacts. It may consist of fencing, evergreens, berms, rocks, boulders, mounds, or combinations thereof to achieve the same objectives.
2. When required. Every development shall provide sufficient buffering when topographical or other barriers do not provide reasonable screening and when the planning commission determines that there is a need (1) to shield neighboring properties from any adverse external effects of a development; or (2) to shield the development from negative impacts of adjacent uses such as streets or railroads. In high density residential developments, when building design and siting do not provide privacy, the planning commission may require landscaping, fences, or walls to screen dwelling units for privacy. Buffers shall be measured from side and rear property lines, excluding driveways.
3. Amount required.
a. Where a professional or business zoned development abuts a residential zoning district, a natural buffer strip twenty-five (25) feet in width shall be required. Where site considerations do not allow a natural buffer of twenty-five (25) feet width, a solid privacy fence or wall may be substituted for all or a portion of that buffer, as determined by the zoning administrator.
b. Where a commercial zoned development abuts a residential zoning district, a natural buffer strip of fifty (50) feet in width shall be required. Where site considerations do not allow a natural buffer of fifty (50) feet width, a solid privacy fence or wall and twenty-five (25) feet natural buffer strip may substitute.
c. Where an industrial zoned development abuts a residential zoning district, a natural buffer strip of one hundred (100) feet in width shall be required. Where site considerations do not allow a natural buffer of one hundred (100) feet width, a solid privacy fence or wall and fifty (50) feet natural buffer strip may substitute.
d. Parking lots, garbage collection and utility areas, and loading and unloading areas shall be screened around their perimeters by a buffer strip a minimum of five (5) feet width or privacy fence or wall, as determined by the zoning administrator.
e. Where residential subdivisions abut higher order streets (collectors or arterials), adjacent lots shall front on lower order streets, and a landscaped buffer area shall be provided along the property line abutting the road. The buffer strip shall be a minimum of twenty-five (25) feet wide or wider where necessary for the health and safety of the residents. It shall include both trees and shrubs.
4. Design. Arrangement of plantings in buffers shall provide maximum protection to adjacent properties and avoid damage to existing plant material. Possible arrangements include planting in parallel, serpentine, and broken rows. If planted berms are used, the minimum top width shall be four (4) feet, and the maximum side slope shall be 2:1.
5. Planting specifications. Plant materials should be sufficiently large and planted in such a fashion that a year-round screen at least eight (8) feet in height shall be produced within one growing season. All plantings shall be installed according to accepted horticultural standards.
6. Maintenance. Plantings shall be watered regularly and in a manner appropriate for the specific plant species through the first growing season, and dead and dying plants shall be removed within thirty (30) days of notification by the zoning administrator and shall be replaced by the property owner during the next planting season. No buildings, structures, storage of materials, or parking shall be permitted within the buffer area; buffer areas shall be maintained and kept free of all debris, rubbish, weeds, and tall grass.
G. Parking lot standards.
1. Amount. In parking lots the interior parking area shall be landscaped with plantings of one tree for each ten (10) parking spaces. Parking lot street frontage screening and perimeter screening shall be a minimum of five (5) feet wide. Planting required within the parking is exclusive of other planting requirements, such as shade trees planted along the street.
2. Location. The landscaping should be located in protected areas, such as along walkways, in center islands, at the end of bays, or between parking stalls. All landscaping in parking areas and on street frontage shall be placed so that it will not obstruct sight distance.
3. Plant type. A mixture of hardy flowering and/or decorative evergreen and deciduous trees may be planted. The evergreens should be used along the perimeter of the lot for screening, and the deciduous trees for shade within the lot. The area between the trees shall be mulched, planted with shrubs or ground cover, or covered with paving materials. Any area that will extend under the overhang of vehicles shall be mulched or covered with paving material.
K. General requirements and minimum standards.
1. All required landscaping shall be installed prior to the issuance of a permanent certificate of occupancy.
2. There shall be a minimum street frontage planting strip of five (5) feet in width across the entire lot frontage. This may be a combination of scrubs, trees, grass, and varied landscaping elements. There shall be a minimum of one medium sized shade tree required per each forty (40) feet of lot frontage. All shade trees shall be a minimum of two-inch caliper at time of planting.
3. Existing trees preserved on the site may be used to satisfy the requirements for landscaping. Any tree used to meet the requirements of this ordinance must be at least three (3) inch caliper, in healthy condition, and be protected from construction activity.
4. The owner of the property upon which the required landscaping or buffering is installed shall be responsible for perpetual maintenance and replacement. If any required tree, shrub, or other landscaping element shall die or be removed after issuance of the certificate of occupancy, the developer, his or her successors or assigns, shall replace each by the end of the next planting season with trees or shrubs of like character.
5. Species of trees shall not be planted if the roots cause damage to public works, the branches are subject to high incidence of breakage, and the fruit is considered a nuisance or high maintenance as determined by the director of public works.
6. Landscaping shall not obstruct the view of motorists using any street, private driveway, parking isles, or the approach to any street intersection so as to constitute a traffic hazard or a condition dangerous to the public safety. Whenever the enforcement of the provisions of this ordinance may be deemed a traffic hazard, the zoning administrator may waive any or all requirements.
L. Suggested trees and shrubs.
1. Street and shade trees: Green Ash, Red Maple, Norway Maple, Sugar Maple, Red Oak, Willow Oak, Japanese Pagoda Tree, Silver Linden, Zelkova, Yellowwood, Bald Cypress.
2. Ornamental or flowering trees: Amur Maple, Dogwood (Kousa), Washington Hawthorn, Plum, Serviceberry, Redbud, Callery Pear, Crepe Myrtle, Gingko Tree, Crab Apple.
3. Evergreen or flowering shrubs: English Yew, Japanese Yew, Azalea, Chinese Holly, Rhododendren, Abelia, Cotoneaster, Forsythia, Viburnum, Winged Euonymus, Flowering Quince, Shadbow.
4. Buffering/screening: Austrian Pine, Norway Spruce, American Holly, Arborvitae, Foster Holly, White Pine.
Middleburg ZONING ORDINANCE View whole ordinance
MIDDLEBURG ZONING ORDINANCE
ARTICLE XV. BUFFERING, SCREENING AND TREES
Part II. Trees
Section 216: Parking Lot Landscaping
(a) Perimeter Landscaping Adjacent to Public Street ? 5 Spaces or More (Added
06/10/04)
(1) A minimum ten-foot (10?) wide perimeter landscape strip shall be provided between any parking lot and public right-of-way. If the perimeter landscaping strip is used for best management practices, such as a rain garden, the Commission upon the recommendation of the Town Engineer and Zoning Administrator may reduce the perimeter landscape strip to eight feet (8?).
(2) The perimeter strip shall include the following minimum landscape requirements (Amended 06/10/04):
a. One (1) canopy tree per 30 linear feet (lf) of street frontage;
b. Two (2) ornamental trees per 30 lf of street frontage;
c. Canopy trees shall have a minimum caliper of 4 inches and be of a species selected from the Town of Middleburg Approved Tree/Shrub List;
d. Ornamental trees shall have a minimum caliper of 2 inches and be of a species selected from the Town of Middleburg Approved Tree/Shrub List;
e. Shrubs and ground cover shall be installed, as appropriate to planting size and species, to provide full coverage of the area and placed to complement tree landscaping. Invasive species are to be avoided. Maximum mature height of shrubs shall not exceed 4? so as not to impair automobile sight distance. The requirements of Section 215 may be met if in accordance with Section 216(a).
(Amended 02/10/05).
(b) Perimeter Landscaping Adjacent to Abutting Properties (Added 06/10/04)
(1) A minimum five foot (5?) wide perimeter landscape strip shall be provided between any parking lot and abutting properties. The landscape strip shall be a combination of shrubs, groundcover, fences, brick or stone walls, seat walls or planter boxes to provide a semi-opaque screen that has as minimum height of 30?.
(2) The Commission may approve the perimeter landscape width to be a minimum of three feet (3?) if two or more of the following conditions are met:
a. a semi-opaque screen is installed consisting of a stone or brick wall, planter boxes, seat walls, evergreen hedge or combination of these elements not less than 30? in height;
b. an existing durable barrier, such as a hedge or wall is located on the abutting property adjacent to the perimeter landscape strip;
c. the perimeter landscape strip is used for best management practices, such as a rain garden.
(c) Interior Landscaping ? 5 Spaces or More (Added 06/10/04)
(1) A minimum of five percent (5%) of the interior parking lot area shall be landscaped. No landscaped area shall be less than 50 square feet. The landscaped area shall be planted at a rate of one tree and three shrubs per ten parking spaces. Each parking lot island shall contain a minimum of one canopy tree. For parking lots with less than 10 spaces, this requirement can be met by increasing the perimeter landscaping by the equivalent square footage. (Amended 06/10/04)
(2) The following interior landscaping requirements shall be provided for lots of 10 spaces or more:
a. One (1) landscape island per 10 parking spaces. Landscape islands shall be a minimum of 162 square feet (sf), with a dimension of not less than 9 x18;
b. Each landscape island shall contain one (1) canopy tree with a minimum caliper size of 4 inches and be of a species selected from the Town of Middleburg approved Tree/Shrub List;
c. Shrubs and ground cover in the landscape islands shall be installed, as appropriate to planting size and species, to provide full coverage of the area and placed to complement tree landscaping. Invasive species are to be avoided. Maximum mature height of shrubs shall not exceed four feet (4?) so as not to impair automobile sign distance;
d. Landscaping materials shall be located within planting islands to allow for the mature size of the species and in a manner which will protect the plants from vehicles. Vehicles are presumed to have a body overhang of 3?6?.
(3) The Commission may approve some or all of the required landscape islands to be aggregated provided that the aggregate total of internal landscaping shall equal or exceed the landscaped area otherwise required within the landscaped islands.
(d) Other General Matters: (Added 06/10/04)
(1) Parking lots shall be designed to prevent vehicles from striking trees. Vehicles are presumed to have a body overhang of three feet, six inches. (Amended 06/10/04)
(2) Berms shall have a maximum slope of 3:1 (Amended 06/10/04)
(3) The council may waive the requirements of this Section in any commercial district when such landscaped areas cannot be reasonably provided because of existing structures or other unique features of the central business area; provided, however, that if landscaping requirements are waived, the applicant shall make an in lieu cash payment to the town in an amount equivalent to the cost of the landscaping so waived to be used by the Town solely for public landscaping purposes. (Amended 6/13/02, 06/10/04)
(Amended 06/10/04)
Newport News City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 33.02 SITE REGULATIONS
ARTICLE III. SITE PLAN REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
Sec. 33.02-51. Landscaping and green area required.
(a) The area to be developed shall be clearly delineated on the site plan(s). Within such area and subject to the provisions of this section, a minimum percent of the site shall be designated as landscaping and green area as follows:
(1) Ten (10) percent of the area to be developed shall be so designated for a site containing less than forty-five thousand (45,000) square feet.
(2) Fifteen (15) percent of the area to be developed shall be so designated for a site containing forty-five thousand (45,000) square feet and no more than ninety thousand (90,000) square feet, subject to modifications that are authorized by this section.
(3) Twenty (20) percent of the area to be developed shall be so designated for a site containing more than ninety thousand (90,000) square feet, subject to modifications that are authorized by this section.
(4) Landscaping and green area requirements of this section do not apply when improvements are made on existing impervious areas. Demolition of a majority (50.1% or more) of the primary structure on the site shall require the entirety of the site to come into compliance with the chapter.
(b) The following requirements shall be applicable to the landscaping and green area within the developed area:
(1) Existing trees. All landscaping and green areas must be identified on the plan. Within those landscaping and green areas, healthy existing trees of a minimum six (6) inch DBH (diameter at breast height), measured at least four and one-half (4.5) feet above grade, for single-stemmed, deciduous trees, and of a minimum eight (8) feet in height for multi-stemmed or evergreen trees, shall be retained, preserved and protected during construction in accordance with the following:
a. Preserved trees shall be identified by size and variety, clearly marked in the field, and shown on the landscaping, erosion and sedimentation, demolition, and grading plans.
B. In naturally vegetated areas of one thousand (1,000) square feet or more, groups of trees rather than single trees may be identified on the plan. Existing tree canopy limits shall be clearly shown on all plans. Within the tree canopy limits shown on the plan(s), an accounting shall be provided stating the minimum quantities, sizes and varieties of trees to remain in each group.
C. Existing healthy, single-stemmed deciduous trees meeting a minimum of two (2) inch caliper measured six (6) inches above the ground and no less than eight (8) feet in height, and multi-stemmed or evergreen trees meeting a minimum of eight (8) feet in height which are preserved and protected on-site, may be counted toward meeting the requirements identified below in subsection (2).
D. When the loss creates a quantity deficit or void in spacing for the minimum requirements of this section, any preserved tree(s) on-site shall be replaced if such tree(s) should die, or at such time that fifty (50) percent of the tree crown is severely trimmed, damaged, diseased or dead. If trees to be replaced are four (4) inch caliper or less for single stemmed species, or twelve (12) feet in height for evergreen or multi-stemmed species, they shall be replaced with trees the same size as those removed. If trees to be replaced are greater than four (4) inch caliper for single stemmed species, or twelve (12) feet in height for evergreen or multi-stemmed species, then replacement trees shall be a minimum of four (4) inch caliper for single stemmed species, or twelve (12) feet in height for evergreen or multi-stemmed species.
E. Individual trees and groups of trees that are preserved shall be enclosed by a temporary fence or barrier to be located and maintained five (5) feet outside the dripline of the tree(s) during construction. Such a fence or barrier shall be installed prior to clearing, construction or issuance of a land disturbing permit (section 33.02-8, Site Regulations, and chapter 35, Soil Removal and Other Land Disturbing Activities). The tree protection fencing shall be a minimum of forty (40) inches in height and sufficient to prevent intrusion into the protected area during construction In no case shall materials, vehicles or equipment be stored or stockpiled within the enclosure.
F. The property owner, the owner's agent or the developer, as applicable, shall be responsible for notifying all construction personnel of the presence and purpose of clearing limits and protective fences or barriers and for ensuring that the restrictions associated with the same are observed.
G. Where grade changes in excess of six (6) inches from the existing natural grade level are necessary, permanent protective structures, such as tree wells or walls, shall be properly installed by the property owner, the owner's agent or the developer, as applicable.
H. The director may allow trees to be removed in the case of hardship in developing the site, when the tree becomes irreversibly diseased or damaged by natural causes, or when prohibited by FAA regulations. Such tree removal(s) shall be based on the following:
1. The number of trees to be removed are replaced with at least an equal number of trees meeting the size and species provisions of this section. Replacement trees shall be located in such a manner so as to more effectively landscape the entire site, taking into consideration the objectives of dispersal, screening, pedestrian and vehicular movement on-site, and the size and location of proposed buildings.
2. Existing trees that fall within proposed parking islands of four hundred (400) square feet or less shall not be required to be preserved and protected. However, replacement trees shall be required, meeting the provisions of section 33.02-52, and provided within all interior parking islands as well as in the landscaping and green areas at the ends of parking rows.
3. For sites located on property of the Newport News Williamsburg International Airport, the director may waive the preservation of existing trees that may affect aviation safety.
(2) Trees and shrubs:
a. A minimum of one (1) tree and two (2) shrubs for every four hundred (400) square feet of the required landscaping and green area shall exist or be provided. No more than sixty (60) percent of the required number of trees or shrubs shall be of the same species. No less than twenty (20) percent or more than sixty (60) percent evergreen trees shall be planted on each site. No less than fifty (50) percent or more than eighty (80) percent evergreen shrubs shall be planted on each site.
1. Existing healthy trees may be counted toward meeting the above requirements if they are either:
i. Single-stemmed deciduous trees of a minimum of two (2) inch caliper measured six (6) inches above ground, and no less than twelve (12) feet in height;
ii. Or multi-stemmed or evergreen trees of no less than eight (8) feet in height.
2. Credit under this chapter for existing trees shall be given as follows:
i. One (1) tree credit for existing trees up to six (6) inch DBH.
Ii. Two (2) tree credits for existing trees between six (6) inch and less than ten (10) inch DBH.
Iii. Three (3) tree credits for existing trees between ten (10) inch and less than fifteen (15) inch DBH.
Iv. Four (4) tree credits for existing trees fifteen (15) inch DBH or greater.
3. Shrubs at the time of planting shall be from nursery stock grown in a minimum three (3) gallon size container, with a minimum spread and/or height of eighteen (18) inches. Shrubs serving as a visual barrier for parking shall be a variety capable of reaching a minimum height of thirty-six (36) inches.
B. All landscaping and green areas must be identified on the plan, and where an insufficient number of plant materials exist in the required landscaping and green area, the property owner, the owner's agent or the developer, as applicable, shall supplement the existing landscaping. Newly provided trees shall be either single-stemmed deciduous trees of a minimum two (2) inch caliper measured six (6) inches above ground and no less than eight (8) feet in height or multi-stemmed or evergreen trees of no less than eight (8) feet in height, or a combination thereof. A minimum of one (1) tree and two (2) shrubs (eighteen (18) inch) minimum height/spread) for each four hundred (400) square feet of required landscaping and green area shall exist or be provided. All plant materials, new or existing, meeting the requirements of this section shall be maintained in perpetuity in a healthy condition or replaced. Trees may not be severely trimmed beyond the standards of ANSI A300 Standards for Tree Care Operations as amended. Appropriate plant replacements shall be provided in the event that fifty (50) percent or more of the plant vegetation is severely trimmed, damaged, diseased or dead.
C. For plant materials newly provided on the approved plan(s), the replacement trees and shrubs shall account for plant growth since initial installation and be provided as follows:
1. For single-stemmed deciduous trees, the minimum replacement tree size shall be two (2) inch caliper for the first growing year with an increment of one-half (0.5) inch in caliper for each subsequent year of growth since installation. The maximum installation size for single-stemmed deciduous species shall be three and one-half (3.5) inches in caliper.
2. For multi-stemmed or evergreen trees, the minimum replacement size shall be eight (8) feet in height for the first growing year with an increment of one (1) foot in height for each subsequent year of growth since installation. The maximum installation size for multi-stemmed or evergreen replacement trees shall be twelve (12) feet in height.
3. For shrubs, the minimum replacement size shall be eighteen (18) inches in spread and/or height for the first growing year with an increment of three (3) inches in height and/or spread for each subsequent year of growth since installation. For large growing shrub varieties located in transitional buffer areas, shrubs shall have a minimum replacement size of forty-eight (48) inches in height for the first growing year with an increment of six (6) inches in height for each subsequent year of growth since installation. The maximum installation size for shrubs shall be thirty-six (36) inches in height and/or spread for low to medium growing shrub varieties and sixty (60) inches in height for large growing shrub varieties.
D. Single-street frontage properties shall have at least fifty (50) percent of the total number of required trees and shrubs placed forward of the front building line. Multiple-street frontage properties shall have at least thirty-seven and one-half (37.5) percent of the total number of required trees and shrubs forward of the front building line and at least twelve and one-half (12.5) percent of the total number of required trees and shrubs between the side of the largest building and the minor street right-of-way or where there is no right-of-way, the side property line.
E. The species of the trees, shrubs and ground covers which may be planted shall be left to the discretion of the property owner, the owner's agent or the developer, as applicable, with the exception that use of the following species of trees shall be prohibited:
American Elm (Ulmus americana)
Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)
Boxelder (Acer negundo)
Bradford Pear (pyrus calleryana 'Bradford')
Chinaberry (Melia azedarach)
Common Honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos)
European White Birch (Betula pendula)
Lombardy Poplar (Populas italica)
Mimosa (Albizzia julibrissin)
Purple Leafed Plum (Prunus cessiforia)
Quaking Aspen (Populus tremuloides)
Siberian Elm (Ulmus pumila)
Silver Maple (Acer saccharinum)
Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus glandulosa)
Virginia (Scrub) Pine (Pinus virginiana)
Weeping Willow (Salix babylonica)
f. The director may waive the requirements when prohibited by FAA regulations for trees and shrubs when their planting may affect the aviation safety for sites located on property of the Newport News/Williamsburg International Airport. Any newly proposed plant materials within aviation affected areas shall mature at a height no greater than twenty (20) feet.
(3) An annual listing of recommended trees will be prepared and issued by the department of planning.
(4) If requested in writing and the activity will not result in impervious surfaces being installed, the director may permit recreational uses within this area that are consistent with the type of development indicated on the plan.
(5) There shall be no storage of any kind in this area.
(6) Single-street frontage, undeveloped properties shall have sixty (60) percent of the required landscaping and green area either between the front of the proposed building and the right-of-way or where there is no right-of-way, the front property line.
(7) Multiple-street frontage, undeveloped properties shall have forty-five (45) percent of the required landscaping and green area either between the front of the proposed building and the right-of-way or where there is no right-of-way, the front property line. Fifteen (15) percent of the required landscaping and green area shall be located either between the side of the proposed building and the minor street right-of-way or where there is no right-of-way, the side property line.
(8) Single-street frontage, developed properties shall have sixty (60) percent of the required landscaping and green area either between the rear of the largest building and the right-of-way or where there is no right-of-way, the front property line.
(9) Multiple-street frontage, developed properties shall have forty-five (45) percent of the required landscaping and green area either between the rear of the largest building and the right-of-way or where there is no right-of-way, the front property line. Fifteen (15) percent of the required landscaping and green area shall be located either between the side of the largest building and the minor street right-of-way or where there is no right-of-way, the side property line.
(10) A landscape strip shall be located along street frontage. Landscaping in this strip shall include at least one (1) tree, either existing or installed, in every thirty (30) feet of street frontage, exclusive of driveway entrances. The remainder of the required landscaped strip shall consist of shrubs, grass, ground cover or other landscape treatment approved by the director in conjunction with the review of a site plan. The director may reduce the width of the landscaped strip by up to fifty (50) percent along minor streets when the total site is less than twenty thousand (20,000) square feet.
A. For public streets, the landscaped strip shall be placed along the right-of-way and located between the adjacent right-of-way line and either the front building setback line or parking lot, whichever is closer to the adjacent right-of-way. The width of this strip shall be a minimum of ten (10) feet or ten (10) percent of the existing right-of-way width or the proposed right-of-way width, whichever is greater, included in the appropriate transportation plan. Landscape strips and utility easements shall be permitted to collocate for up to fifty (50) percent of the landscape strip width. On existing sites, if this landscaped strip is landscaping and green area, it cannot be disturbed. Whenever there is a street right-of-way dedicated for a site, except on the major street, the director may reduce the landscaped strip width up to fifty (50) percent.
B. For private streets, the landscaped strip shall be located in an area bounded by a line no closer than ten (10) feet to the edge of pavement of the private street and either the building setback line or the parking lot, whichever is closer to the private street.
(11) When parking lots are adjacent to public or private streets, a continuous visual barrier of shrubs is required.
(12) Parking lots adjacent to any residential use shall be screened in accordance with section 45-3002 of the zoning ordinance.
(13) Refuse collection points shall be screened from view of all adjacent properties and rights of way by privacy fencing and/or dense vegetation sufficient to form a visual barrier a minimum of six (6) feet in height, except where transitional buffer areas are required by the zoning ordinance. Such screening shall be compatible with the surrounding properties and shall permit adequate air circulation and lighting on both sides.
(c) For areas of naturally vegetated land which are greater than one (1) acre in area that will remain undeveloped, a note on the plan(s) stating "This area will remain undisturbed and all natural vegetation shall be preserved and protected in accordance with Section 33.02-51 of the Site Regulations." shall be acceptable.
(d) The following modifications shall apply to landscaping and green area requirements:
(1) The landscaping and green area requirements of this ordinance shall not be required in the regional business district (C3), the heavy industrial district (M2) bounded by the James River and Hampton Roads from 70th Street to the east side of Jefferson Avenue, the Oyster Point Urban Core, Lower Jefferson Avenue Corridor Overlay District or the Hilton Village Historic District, except as otherwise provided for in the zoning ordinance.
(2) If a class 2 site plan is involved, the director may, upon written request, reduce the percentage of landscaping and green area required, but not to less than ten (10) percent, with respect to a specific site under the following conditions:
a. The plan relates to modifying an existing building whose physical characteristics preclude full compliance; or,
b. Pre-existing physical characteristics of the site preclude full compliance (e.g., building takes up most of the property or limited setback distance is available).
(3) The minimum percentage of the site area that shall be designated as landscaping and green area in subsections (a)(2) and (a)(3) above may be reduced by the director to no less than ten (10) percent for sites requiring a minimum of fifteen (15) percent green area and no less than twelve (12) percent for sites requiring a minimum of twenty (20) percent green area. Each of the following may account for up to one-third (1/3) of the allowable reduction:
a. Every additional tree planted over the minimum required may reduce the required landscaping and green area by three hundred (300) square feet.
B. Every additional shrub planted over the minimum required may reduce the required landscaping and green area by one hundred thirty-five (135) square feet.
C. Where parking is screened by an earthen berm or other visual barrier planted with approved ground cover and shrubs, and the top of berm is at least two and one-half (2.5) feet above ground and within a minimum slope of 2.5:1, each linear foot of such berm may be used to reduce the required landscaping and green area by fifty (50) square feet. Berms proffered can qualify for landscaping and green area reduction under this section.
(4) If a master landscape plan is approved by the director, all individual sites participating in such plan shall be able to reduce the minimum required landscaping and green area percentage to ten (10) percent where the minimum following criteria are included:
a. A landscape strip shall be established along all streets a minimum width of ten (10) feet from the property line or edge of a private street right-of-way.
B. Trees shall be planted at a minimum of thirty (30) feet on center in this strip exclusive of driveway entrances.
C. Shrubs shall be used to form a continuous hedge on at least fifty (50) percent of the right-of-way.
D. Berms with ground cover can be used in lieu of shrubs as a continuous visual barrier.
E. No more than five (5) trees shall be planted along the same line; staggering and other methods of creating variations are encouraged. To encourage the same effect, no hedge or berm shall continue more than sixty (60) feet along the same line.
(5) Trees or other landscaping shall not be placed or planted so as to interfere with the proper operation or maintenance of any utility line or apparatus or obstruct vehicular sight distances as defined in the design criteria manual.
(Ord. No. 4952-96; Ord. No. 5030-97; Ord. No. 5509-00; Ord. No. 5726-02; Ord. No. 5967-03; Ord. No. 6953-13; Ord. No. 7042-14)
Newport News City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 33.02 SITE REGULATIONS
ARTICLE III. SITE PLAN REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
Sec. 33.02-52. Parking lot, traffic area, and loading and unloading area requirements.
Parking lots, traffic areas, and loading and unloading areas shall be accessible, functional and meet all applicable requirements as set forth in the Zoning Ordinance and according to the following:
?
(6) All sites having more than one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet or having more than fifteen (15) parking spaces shall have landscaped islands or parking lot perimeter landscaping at each end of parking rows subject to the following requirements:
a. Landscaped islands shall also be provided at the ends of parking rows to separate them from accessways. These islands must be a minimum of nine (9) feet in width for the full depth of the adjacent parking stalls.
b. Internal landscaped islands are required when the length of a parking row exceeds fifteen (15) regular spaces or seventeen (17) compact spaces. Internal islands must be a minimum of nine (9) feet of width for the full depth of the adjacent parking stalls. The director of engineering may permit, upon written request, relocation or reduction of internal islands to better conform to the physical characteristics of the site.
c. These landscaped islands may be omitted where handicapped spaces are parallel to entrances or entrance canopies to buildings.
d. All landscaped islands shall be raised at least five (5) inches above the adjacent parking surface.
e. Each landscaped island shall have a minimum of one (1) tree if the landscaped island is at least sixteen (16) feet long or a minimum of two (2) trees if it is at least thirty-two (32) feet long.
f. All landscaped islands shall be planted with ground cover or fully mulched or both.
g. The provisions of this subsection shall not be applicable within any parking garage or on the top deck of any multi-level parking garage.
(7) Provisions for stormwater runoff shall be in accordance with the Design Criteria Manual.
(Ord. No. 4952-96; Ord. No. 5030-97; Ord. No. 5509-00)
Norfolk ZONING ORDINANCES View whole ordinance
APPENDIX A ZONING ORDINANCE
ARTICLE III. REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO ALL ZONING DISTRICTS
CHAPTER 17: LANDSCAPE PLANTINGS AND BUFFERS
17-5 Landscape requirements, parking lots.
The intent of the planting requirements is to provide shade and screening for the parking area. Landscape requirements for parking lots shall be as follow:
17-5.1? Interior planting requirement. Any parking lot of ten (10) or more spaces shall be provided with ten (10) percent interior landscape planting area. Such interior landscape planting area shall be in addition to any perimeter landscape planting area required by section 17-5.3.
17-5.2 ?Landscape islands. Provide one (1) tree per 144 square feet of required interior landscape planting area. No island shall be less than sixteen (16) feet by eighteen (18) feet in size and must be spaced to provide an even distribution of shade. Linear islands are encouraged to provide continuous landscape planting areas and reduce pedestrian conflicts. If linear islands are included in the design, they shall have a minimum width of eight (8) to twelve (12) feet and one (1) tree per twenty-five (25) linear feet. The species selected should be capable of providing shade at maturity. Shrubbery, hedges and other plant materials may be used to complement the tree, but shall not be used in locations where they would be subject to damage by car overhangs or the opening of car doors.
17-5.3 Perimeter landscape planting areas. Any parking lot of four (4) or more spaces shall be required to provide perimeter landscape planting areas as follow:
(a) Where the parking lot perimeter is adjacent to an abutting zoning lot:
(1) A landscape planting area at least six (6) feet in width shall be located between the parking lot or any associated paved surfaces, and abutting property lines. Such planting area may be located within the buffer area required by section 17-8, below.
(2) At least one tree for each twenty-five (25) linear feet, or portion thereof, shall be planted in the landscape planting area.
(3) Fences and walls.
1. In addition to the required trees mentioned above, where a parking lot abuts an area which is zoned residential, there shall be a fence, wall, hedge, or other durable evergreen landscape barrier planted or installed to ensure adequate screening for the entire length of the parking lot along the abutting property line(s) behind the required front yard of such parking lot. The height of such evergreen landscape barrier shall be no less than four (4) feet at time of installation. The height of any fence or wall shall be between four (4) and six (6) feet in height in one-family residential and historic zoning districts and between six (6) feet and eight (8) feet in height in all other districts.
2. The finished side of any fence shall face the exterior of the property. If fence posts or supports are visible only from one side, then the opposite side shall be the finished side.
3. Any wall shall be constructed of one or more of the following materials: stucco over concrete block, exposed aggregate concrete, brick, stone, or architectural block. Other materials may be permitted with the approval of the Planning Director or his authorized designee whenever such other materials provide a similar level of opacity as the materials listed herein and are compatible with the architecture of the surrounding development. Under no circumstances shall walls constructed of plain concrete cinder block be permitted.
4. Where a nonliving barrier is constructed, there shall be at least one shrub for each three feet of nonliving barrier. Such shrubs shall be located between the barrier and the parking lot and may be planted in clusters if appropriate.
5. Specifications of any fences or walls shall be detailed on the landscape plans.
(b) Where the perimeter is adjacent to a public right-of-way:
(1) A landscape planting area a minimum of ten (10) feet in depth (exclusive of sidewalks or other walkways) shall be located between the parking lot and the property line. In corner side yards in the C-1 and C-2 Districts, the landscape planting area shall be a minimum of five (5) feet.
(2) At least one (1) tree for each twenty-five (25) linear feet, or portion thereof, of the landscape planting area shall be planted within the landscape planting area; provided, however, that up to fifty (50) percent of the required trees may be placed elsewhere on the lot on recommendation of the department of neighborhood and leisure services in order to achieve a better landscape effect. Such trees shall be in addition to those required by section 17-4.2.
(3) A landscape planting shall extend the entire length of the planting strip to screen the parking lot from the public right-of-way. This planting shall consist of evergreen shrubs; however, some deciduous shrubs and/or perennials may be accepted when their usage fulfills the screening requirement and enhances the aesthetic quality of the planting design, subject to the approval of the department of neighborhood and leisure services.
(4) Shrubs specified to screen the parking area shall have a growth habit conducive to attaining a minimum height of thirty (30) inches within three (3) growing seasons. The latest edition of Manual of Woody Landscape Plants, by Michael A. Dirr, published by Stipes Publishing, L.L.C., Champaign, Illinois shall be the reference in determining growth habit.
(5) Shrubs specified to screen the parking area shall be a minimum of eighteen (18) inches in height at time of installation.
(6) A non-living, opaque screen may be used in combination with or in replacement of an ornamental planting. Non-living screening may be a berm or a low wall. The minimum height of a non-living screen shall be thirty (30) inches, measured from the top of the curb of the nearest adjacent parking area to the top of the berm or low wall, excluding columns or posts.
(7) A non-living, non-opaque fence many be used in combination with ornamental plantings. These plantings shall meet the intent of the screening requirement in section 17-5.3(b)(3)?(5).
(8) To ensure that landscape materials do not constitute a driving hazard, sight distance triangles as defined in Article 1, Chapter 2, shall be established at driveways and street intersections.
(Ord. No. 42,529, ? 1(Exh. A), 1-30-07; Ord. No. 44,367, ? 5(Exh. E), 9-13-11)
17-6 Landscape requirements, parking garages.
Landscape requirements for parking garages, including parking areas beneath occupied structures, shall be as follow:
17-6.1 ?Facades. All facades fronting on a public street or other public space shall have continuous foundation planting except where precluded by access to parking spaces located within or under the building or by building entrances. Visible parking areas beneath occupied structures shall be screened according to the requirements in 17-5.3(b).
17-6.2 ?Trees. For each twenty-five (25) feet of lot width, or portion thereof, there shall be at least one tree planted adjacent to a developed street. With the approval of the department of neighborhood and leisure services, frontage trees may be planted in side yards or tree belts.
(Ord. No. 42,529, ? 1(Exh. A), 1-30-07)
17-7 Landscape requirement, automobile sales and service.
Landscape requirements for automobile sales and service uses shall be as follow:
17-7.1 ?Buffer yards. There shall be a buffer yard minimally ten feet in width adjacent to all rights-of-way. Parking or storing of vehicles in buffer yards is prohibited.
17-7.2 ?Trees. At least one tree for each twenty-five (25) linear feet or portion thereof shall be planted in the landscape strip; provided, however, up to fifty (50) percent of the required trees may be placed elsewhere on the lot on recommendation of the department of neighborhood and leisure services in order to achieve a better landscape effect.
17-7.3 ?Shrubs. In addition to the required trees mentioned above, perimeter plantings within the buffer yard shall be required and shall conform to 17-5.3(b). With the approval of the department of neighborhood and leisure services, clustering of shrubs will be permitted in order to provide greater design flexibility based on landscape requirements.
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(Ord. No. 42,529, ? 1(Exh. A), 1-30-07)
Norfolk ZONING ORDINANCES View whole ordinance
APPENDIX A ZONING ORDINANCE
ARTICLE V. AMENDMENTS AND SPECIAL APPROVALS
CHAPTER 27: PLANNED DEVELOPMENT (PD)
27-8 Development plan.
The development plan submitted pursuant to section 27-6 shall contain the following information either on the plan itself or in an accompanying document:
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(i) The location and type of all existing trees with a caliper of eight inches or greater. The plan shall indicate which of the trees are to be retained and which are to be removed.
(j) A landscape plan showing the location, description and sizes of all new plant material.
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27-11 Standards for Planned Development Districts.
In reviewing an application for a PD District, the planning commission and the city council shall consider the following standards and criteria:
27-11.1 ?General standards and criteria.
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(e) Useability and preservation of common open space in planned residential developments. Where common open space is provided, it shall meet the following standards.
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(5) No portion of a planned development shall be conveyed or dedicated to public use by the developer or any other person to any public body or homeowner's association unless the character and quality of the tract to be conveyed makes it suitable for the purposes for which it is intended, taking into consideration the size and character of the dwellings to be constructed within the residential planned development, the topography and existing trees, ground cover, and other natural features; the manner in which the open space is to be improved and maintained for recreational or amenity purposes; and the existence of public parks or other public recreational facilities in the vicinity.
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27-31 Promenade Pointe Apartments Residential Planned Development (PD-R Promenade Pointe).
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27-31.6 ?Landscaping.
(a) Interior parking lot green space.
(1) This district shall provide green space for parking lot of not less than ten (10) percent of the entire parking field, excluding those portions of the field that are covered by any portion of a building. Such calculation may include any green space buffer areas provided between the paved parking surface and Tidewater Drive or Roland Drive.
(2) The minimum width of linear islands within the parking lot shall be six (6) feet. Typical landscape islands within the parking lot shall be a minimum of seven (7) feet wide and eighteen (18) feet long.
(b) Streetscape.
(1) A landscape buffer not less than eight (8) feet wide shall be established for the entire length of the property frontage along Tidewater Drive and Roland Drive.
(2) Along all portions of the property frontage along any streets that are not located in a wetland area, a four-foot-tall masonry or stone wall located three (3) feet from the property line shall be installed. The space between the wall and the property line shall be improved with evergreen shrubs to be maintained at a maximum height of three (3) feet. The side of the wall facing the interior of the property shall be improved with a mixture of evergreen and canopy trees consistent with the requirements of Chapter 17, entitled "Landscape Plantings and Buffers".
? Plant materials. The selection of both large and small canopy trees shall be derived from that list of preferred trees for street development as published by the City of Norfolk, Division of Parks and Urban Forestry.
(1) Large canopy trees planted on site shall have a minimum caliper of two (2) inches and shall be twelve (12) to fourteen (14) feet in height at the time of planting.
(2) Small canopy trees shall be six (6) to eight (8) feet in height at the time of planting.
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(Ord. No. 45,184, ? 14(Exh. N), 7-23-13)
27-36 Water's Edge Mixed-Use Planned Development District (PD-MU-WE).
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27-36.8 ?Landscaping. All landscaping shall comply with the provisions of Article III, Chapter 17, subject to the following modifications:
(a) Parking area plantings.
(1) Not less than eight (8) percent of the parking area shall be landscaped with grasses, trees, or other vegetation.
(2) Landscape islands within the parking area shall be a minimum of eight (8) feet in width and nineteen (19) feet in length.
(b) Plant materials.
(1) Large and medium shade trees shall be not less than two (2) inches in caliper at the time of planting.
(2) Small flowering trees shall be not less than eight (8) feet tall at the time of planting.
(3) Evergreen trees shall be not less than six (6) feet tall at the time of planting.
(4) The species and variety of trees planted on the property shall be derived from a list maintained by or approved by the City's Bureau of Parks and Forestry.
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(Ord. No. 45,184, ? 14(Exh. N), 7-23-13)
Portsmouth ZONING ORDINANCES View whole ordinance
ZONING ORDINANCES
ARTICLE 40.1-5: DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
40.1-5.1 OFF-STREET PARKING, LOADING, AND CIRCULATION
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(M) Vehicular Circulation
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(7) Primary Drive Aisles Primary drive aisles within off-street surface parking lots with 400 or more spaces shall be designed to appear as an extension of the public street network extending from the public right-of-way along the full length of the primary facades of structures being served by the drive, and shall meet the following standards:
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(d) Street trees shall be provided along both sides of the primary drive aisle every 50 feet, although understory trees may be used adjacent to the building fa?ade within 40 feet of building entrances.
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Richmond City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 30 ZONING
ARTICLE VII. OFF-STREET PARKING AND LOADING REQUIREMENTS
DIVISION 2.1. OFF-STREET PARKING IMPROVEMENT REQUIREMENTS AND LANDSCAPING STANDARDS
Sec. 30-710.10. Intent.
The intent of this division is to facilitate the creation of a convenient, attractive and harmonious community; to conserve and protect natural resources, including air and water quality; to protect and enhance property values; and to promote public safety by providing internal landscaping, perimeter buffer, tree coverage and other improvement standards for the development and maintenance of parking areas and parking lots in the City.
(Code 1993, ? 32-710.10; Code 2004, ? 114-710.10)
Sec. 30-710.12. Improvement of parking areas and parking lots.
Parking areas and parking lots containing five or more parking spaces shall be improved and maintained in accordance with the following:
(1) Screening along interior lot lines in certain cases. Whenever a parking area or parking lot abuts or is situated within 50 feet of property in an R, RO, HO or I district, unless separated therefrom by an alley providing access to such parking area or parking lot, the parking area or parking lot shall be effectively screened from view from such property by evergreen vegetative material not less than 3? feet in height at the time of installation or by an opaque structural fence or wall not less than four feet in height, provided that such parking area or parking lot need not be screened from an adjacent parking area or parking lot containing five or more parking spaces or from an adjacent loading area. Evergreen vegetative material intended to satisfy this subsection shall be planted at such intervals that will result in a continuous visual screen within one year of planting.
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(Code 1993, ? 32-710.12; Code 2004, ? 114-710.12; Ord. No. 2011-33-53, ? 1, 3-28-2011)
Sec. 30-710.13. Perimeter buffers: landscaping requirements.
Except as provided in Subsection (3) of this section, parking areas and parking lots containing five or more parking spaces shall be improved and maintained with landscaping in accordance with the requirements of this section as follows:
(1) Treatment of required landscaped buffers. Treatment of required landscaped buffers shall be in accordance with the following:
a. Required landscaped buffers shall be provided with vegetative ground cover, trees, shrubs, other plant material, or any combination thereof, except where more specific requirements are set forth in Subsection (2) of this section. Mulch ground cover may be provided as a border or supplement to other vegetation in a required landscaped buffer. Pedestrian walkways incidental to landscaped buffers may be incorporated within such buffers when the other requirements of this Subsection (1)a are met.
b. All required landscaped buffers shall be protected from encroachment by motor vehicles by installation of curbs, wheel stops or other features which separate the landscaped buffer from areas improved for vehicle parking or circulation.
(2) Landscaped buffers along streets. Landscaped buffers as set forth in Subsections (2)a through (2)d of this section shall be installed and maintained between all areas devoted to parking and all adjacent street lines, provided that approved driveways enabling access to abutting streets may extend through such buffers.
a. Zoning districts and permitted buffer alternatives. The following table specifies the buffer and buffer alternatives that satisfy the landscaped buffer requirement in each zoning district. Where more than one buffer alternative is listed for a zoning district, any of the listed alternatives may be provided to satisfy the buffer requirement in that district:
b. Description of buffer alternatives. The depth of and improvements required within each buffer alternative are as follows. In all cases, buffer alternatives are minimum requirements, and greater buffer depth, additional landscaping or additional fence or wall improvements may be provided:
1. Buffer "A," as shown below, shall have a depth of not less than the minimum yard requirement applicable along each street frontage of the property, but in no case less than five feet, and shall include an evergreen vegetative screen not less than 3? feet in height at the time of installation placed along the setback line of the parking area. Evergreen vegetative material intended to satisfy this requirement shall be planted at such intervals that will result in a continuous visual screen within one year of planting.
2. Buffer "B," as shown below, shall have a depth of not less than the minimum yard requirement applicable along each street frontage of the property, but in no case less than five feet, and shall include an opaque structural fence or wall not less than four feet in height placed along the setback line of the parking area and shall include shrubs located adjacent to such fence at a rate of not less than ten for each 50 linear feet or major fraction thereof of buffer along each street frontage.
3. Buffer "C," as shown below, shall have a depth of not less than the minimum yard requirement applicable along each street frontage of the property, but in no case less than five feet, and shall include a decorative fence or wall not less than 3? feet in height placed along the setback line of the parking area and shall include trees and shrubs located adjacent to such fence at a rate of not less than one tree and four shrubs for each 50 linear feet or major fraction thereof of buffer along each street frontage.
4. Buffer "D," as shown below, shall have a depth of not less than 25 feet and shall consist of an earthen berm not less than three feet in height with slopes not greater than three feet horizontal for each one foot vertical and shall include trees and shrubs located on the top or street side of such berm at a rate of not less than one tree and four shrubs for each 50 linear feet or major fraction thereof of buffer along each street frontage.
5. Buffer "E," as shown below, shall have a depth of not less than the minimum yard requirement applicable along each street frontage of the property and shall include trees and shrubs at a rate of not less than one tree and four shrubs for each 40 linear feet or major fraction thereof of buffer along each street frontage. In any case where the applicable yard requirement along a street is five feet or less, the trees and shrubs required for buffer "E" may be substituted with the improvements specified for buffer "H," "I," or "J," provided that the applicable yard requirement is met.
6. Buffer "F," as shown below, shall have a depth of not less than 15 feet and shall include trees and shrubs at a rate of not less than one tree and four shrubs for each 50 linear feet or major fraction thereof of buffer along each street frontage.
7. Buffer "G," as shown below, shall have a depth of not less than ten feet and shall include trees and shrubs at a rate of not less than one tree and four shrubs for each 40 linear feet or major fraction thereof of buffer along each street frontage.
8. Buffer "H," as shown below, shall have a depth of not less than five feet and shall include a decorative fence or wall not less than 3? feet in height and shrubs at a rate of not less four shrubs for each 50 linear feet or major fraction thereof of buffer along each street frontage.
9. Buffer "I," as shown below, shall have a depth of not less than two feet and shall include a decorative fence or wall not less than 3? feet in height and vegetative ground cover, shrubs or other plant material.
10. Buffer "J," as shown below, shall consist of a decorative fence or wall not less than 3? feet in height located at the edge of the area devoted to parking.
11. Buffer "K," as shown below, shall have a depth of not less than five feet and shall include vegetative ground cover, shrubs or other plant material.
c. Tree and shrub standards. Standards for trees and shrubs shall be as follows:
1. Trees to be credited toward buffer requirements shall be deciduous trees having a caliper of not less than 2? inches at the time of installation measured six inches above the ground or evergreen trees having a height of not less than six feet at the time of installation. Healthy existing trees to be retained within a buffer area may be credited toward buffer requirements when such trees are shown on approved plans and are adequately protected during construction.
2. Trees to be credited toward buffer requirements shall be distributed as equally as practical throughout the length of the buffer, with consideration for the species of trees, topography, location of driveways and utilities and other physical conditions.
3. Shrubs to be credited toward buffer requirements shall be evergreen shrubs not less than two feet in height at the time of installation. Shrubs may be grouped in a manner appropriate to the species and need not be distributed equally throughout the length of the buffer.
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(3) Landscaped buffers along interior lot lines. In addition to the screening requirements set forth in Section 30-710.12, parking areas and parking lots containing 30 or more parking spaces and parking areas containing five or more parking spaces serving uses with drive-up facilities or facilities for dispensing motor fuels shall be provided with landscaped buffers of not less than five feet in depth installed and maintained between all areas devoted to parking and all lot lines other than street lines, provided that approved driveways connecting properties or enabling access to abutting alleys may extend through such buffers.
(Code 1993, ? 32-710.13; Code 2004, ? 114-710.13; Ord. No. 2004-180-167, ? 1, 6-28-2004; Ord. No. 2006-168-189, ? 2, 7-10-2006; Ord. No. 2008-2-55, ? 2, 3-24-2008; Ord. No. 2009-221-2010-9, ? 1, 1-25-2010; Ord. No. 2010-19-31, ? 3, 2-22-2010)
Richmond City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 30 ZONING
ARTICLE VII. OFF-STREET PARKING AND LOADING REQUIREMENTS
DIVISION 2.1. OFF-STREET PARKING IMPROVEMENT REQUIREMENTS AND LANDSCAPING STANDARDS
Sec. 30-710.14. Internal landscaping requirements.
Landscaped islands meeting the requirements of this section shall be provided within all parking areas and parking lots containing 30 or more parking spaces and within parking areas containing five or more parking spaces serving uses with drive-up facilities or facilities for dispensing motor fuels.
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(4) Improvement of required landscaped islands.
a. Each required landscaped island shall contain not less than one deciduous tree having a caliper of not less than 2? inches at the time of installation measured six inches above the ground.
b. In addition to required trees, landscaped islands shall be provided with vegetative ground cover, shrubs, other plant material, or any combination thereof. All portions of required landscaped islands not provided with vegetative ground cover or other plant material shall be mulched.
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(Code 1993, ? 32-710.14; Code 2004, ? 114-710.14; Ord. No. 2004-180-167, ? 1, 6-28-2004)
Sec. 30-710.15. Tree coverage requirements.
Parking areas and parking lots containing 30 or more parking spaces and parking areas containing five or more parking spaces serving uses with drive-up facilities or facilities for dispensing motor fuels shall be improved and maintained with trees in accordance with the requirements of this section.
(1) Determining projected tree coverage. Projected tree coverage shall be determined in accordance with the City of Richmond Tree Canopy Chart which shall be adopted by resolution of the Planning Commission. Other tree species and larger trees not shown on the tree canopy chart may be given credit toward the tree coverage requirement when supporting data adequate to determine coverage is submitted to and accepted by the Zoning Administrator.
(2) Minimum projected tree coverage. Trees shall be planted or existing trees shall be retained so as to provide a projected tree coverage at ten years from the date of plan approval as determined by the following formulas:
a. A parking area serving a use other than a use with drive-up facilities or facilities for dispensing motor fuels, or a parking lot, shall have a projected tree coverage area equivalent to not less than 30 square feet for each parking space contained in the parking area or parking lot.
b. A parking area serving a use with drive-up facilities or facilities for dispensing motor fuels shall have a projected tree coverage area equivalent to not less than 40 square feet for each parking space contained in the parking area.
(3) Minimum tree sizes. Trees to be credited toward the tree coverage requirement shall meet the following standards at the time of installation:
a. Deciduous trees shall have a caliper of not less than 2? inches measured six inches above the ground.
b. Evergreen trees shall be not less than six feet in height.
(4) Location of trees to be credited. As shown below, trees to be credited toward the tree coverage requirement may be located:
a. Within landscaped islands meeting the requirements of Section 32-710.14; or
b. Between the area devoted to parking and a building on the same site, or between the area devoted to parking and a side or rear property line, provided such trees are located within ten feet of the area devoted to parking; or
c. Within that portion of a perimeter buffer lying within ten feet of the area devoted to parking, provided that trees required to meet perimeter buffer requirements shall not be credited toward the tree coverage requirement.
(5) Retention of existing trees. Healthy existing trees to be retained may be credited toward the tree coverage requirement when such trees are located as specified in Subsection (4) of this section, are shown on approved plans, and are adequately protected during construction.
(Code 1993, ? 32-710.15; Code 2004, ? 114-710.15; Ord. No. 2004-180-167, ? 1, 6-28-2004)
Sec. 30-710.16. Maintenance.
The owner of the property shall be responsible for maintenance, repair and replacement of landscaping materials and other improvements required by this division in such manner that the requirements of this division continue to be met.
(Code 1993, ? 32-710.16; Code 2004, ? 114-710.16)
Roanoke City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 36.2 ZONING
ARTICLE 6. DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
DIVISION 4. LANDSCAPING AND SCREENING
Sec. 36.2-648. Parking area landscaping.
(a) Parking areas shall be subject to the following buffering and screening standards:
(1) Wheel stops, curbing, or other barriers shall protect landscaping from damage by motor vehicles.
(2) Interior planting areas shall be at least eight (8) feet by eighteen (18) feet, with a minimum soil depth of two (2) feet, and shall include surface landscaping, mulch, grass or other vegetative ground cover.
(3) Trees required by this section shall be selected from Table 642-1.
(b) Parking areas shall be landscaped according to the standards set forth in the Table 648-1.
(c) The landscaping and screening materials shall be provided in accordance with Section 36.2-649.
(Ord. No. 37633, ? 14, 11-20-06; Ord. No. 38237, ? 5, 9-15-08; Ord. No. 38423, ? 1, 4-20-09; Ord. No. 39495, ? 1, 9-4-12)
Salem City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 106 ZONING
ARTICLE IV. DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
Sec. 106-402.13. Interior landscaping standards for parking lots.
(A) The following minimum standards for interior parking lot landscaping shall be met for all new, expanded or reconfigured parking areas containing 5,000 square feet or more of impervious area.
1. At least one deciduous shade tree shall be installed for every ten parking spaces provided. All shade trees shall have a minimum caliper of two inches dbh at the time of planting and trained to a central leader. Lower limbs shall be removed to a clear trunk height of six foot as tree growth allows. Smaller ornamental/ flowering trees may be used with the permission of the administrator. When used, these trees may retain their lower limbs, but must be planted with consideration of visibility and traffic flow.
2. A continuous landscape strip shall be installed between every four rows of parking. This strip shall be a minimum of eight feet in width to accommodate required trees and shrubs.
3. Large planting islands (over 200 square feet) shall be located throughout the lot at the end of parking rows. These islands shall be planted with shade trees, low shrubs and/or ground cover.
4. Planting islands, with a minimum width of nine feet shall be provided between every 15 parking spaces to avoid long rows of parked cars. One deciduous shade tree shall be provided within each of these planting islands.
5. Within the interior of the parking lot, landscaping should be used to delineate vehicular and pedestrian circulation patterns, improve stormwater quality and to promote stormwater management objectives. Clear and legible signs and other techniques should be used to further direct the flow of both vehicular and pedestrian traffic within the lot.
(Ord. of 3-14-05(2); Ord. of 3-10-08(6))
Salem City Code View whole ordinance
Chapter 106 ZONING
ARTICLE IV. DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
Sec. 106-402.7. Perimeter landscaping standards for parking lots.
(A) When a new, expanded, or reconfigured parking area is required or proposed adjacent to a public street rights-of-way, a landscaped planting strip shall be established between the parking area and the adjacent street rights-of-way. This required landscaped planting strip shall have a minimum width of eight feet, if the depth of any portion of the parking area is 60 feet or less when measured at a right angle to the street rights-of-way. The width of the required landscaped planting strip shall be increased by one foot for each additional five foot depth of parking area provided. No required landscaped planting strip shall be required to exceed a width of 50 feet.
(B) Within the required landscaped planting area, one deciduous tree shall be planted for each 320 square feet of landscaped area. All shade trees shall have a minimum caliper of two inches dbh at the time of planting and trained to a central leader. Lower limbs shall be removed to a clear trunk height of six foot as tree growth allows. Smaller ornamental/flowering trees may be used with the permission of the administrator. When used, these trees may retain their lower limbs, but must be planted with consideration of visibility and traffic flow.
(C) When buffer yards as specified in this section are not required, an eight foot wide landscaped planting strip shall be provided between all parking areas and adjacent properties. Within the required landscaped planting area, one deciduous tree shall be planted for each 160 square feet of landscaped area. All shade trees shall have a minimum caliper of two inches dbh at the time of planting and trained to a central leader. Lower limbs shall be removed to a clear trunk height of six foot as tree growth allows. Smaller ornamental/flowering trees may be used with the permission of the administrator. When used, these trees may retain their lower limbs, but must be planted with consideration of visibility and traffic flow.
(Ord. of 3-14-05(2))
Staunton City Code View whole ordinance
Title 18 ZONING
Chapter 18.125 MINIMUM OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS
18.125.020 Off-street parking lot layout, construction, and maintenance.
Where the required off-street parking requires the building of a parking lot, and wherever a parking lot is built, such parking shall be laid out, constructed, and maintained in accordance with the following regulations:
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(11) Where parking is to be provided in the front yard of a multiple-family dwelling, there shall be established a setback line 10 feet from the street lot line. The land between the setback line and the lot line is for the purposes of this title called a buffer strip. The ground in the front buffer strip shall be prepared and shall be planted with trees, shrubs, and grass.
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(Zoning ordinance Art. 5, ? 5)
Staunton City Code View whole ordinance
Title 18 ZONING
Chapter 18.175 LANDSCAPING AND SCREENING
18.175.030 Requirements and applicability.
(1) Landscaping Plan. Except as provided herein, a landscaping plan shall be submitted for review and approval with respect to all land use and development activities, to be commenced after the effective date of the ordinance codified in this chapter. ?Land use and development activities,? as used herein, shall mean those activities that require a building permit therefor or the creation of new parking areas or the enlargement of existing parking areas by more than four additional parking spaces (cumulative over a four-year period).
(2) Screening Plan. Except as provided herein, a screening plan shall be submitted for review and approval with respect to all land use and development activities within business, professional and industrial districts, designed to screen the uses of the most intensive use district from the adjoining least intensive use district and public streets.
(3) Exceptions. The requirements hereunder do not apply to:
(a) Individually developed single-family residences;
(b) Additions to or accessory buildings of single-family residences;
(c) Any alteration or reconstruction of buildings situated in the historic conservation district;
(d) Any construction necessitated by the destruction by fire, calamity, storm or other accidental means of less than 50 percent of pre-existing improvements;
(e) Interior and fa?ade improvements made to a structure not requiring any exterior enlargement thereof.
(4) Notwithstanding the foregoing, however, a landscaping plan is required for the development of a residential subdivision.
(Zoning ordinance Art. 5, ? 15)
18.175.040 Procedure and administration.
(1) The plans required to be submitted hereunder shall be submitted by the owner and the developer of the particular property involved to the director of planning for the city. Said director shall be responsible for the receipt and processing of such applications and shall have the authority to approve or disapprove such plans. Said director is hereby designated as the agent of the city for such purposes. If the director disapproved the plan, the director shall promptly notify the applicant and set forth the reasons why the plan was disapproved and, if necessary, suggestions as to corrections.
(2) Any applicant aggrieved by a decision of the agent may appeal such decision to the planning commission for the city of Staunton in writing within 30 days of the decision in question. The planning commission shall schedule such appeal for hearing at its next regularly scheduled meeting to be held at least 14 days after such appeal is noted. The planning commission shall render its judgment on the date the appeal is heard, unless by the agreement of all parties, the decision can be delayed.
(3) Any applicant who is aggrieved by the judgment of the planning commission may appeal such judgment to the council for the city of Staunton in writing within 30 days of the judgment rendered. Such appeal shall be heard by the city council at its next regularly scheduled meeting to be held at least 14 days after such appeal is noted. The city council shall render its judgment on the date the appeal is heard, unless, by agreement of all parties, the decision can be delayed.
(4) All appeals set forth above shall be filed with the agent and shall set forth the grounds upon which the petitioner is aggrieved. The agent shall promptly schedule such matter to be heard with the planning commission and/or the city council, as the case may be.
(5) Nothing herein shall deprive an aggrieved party from seeking a variance or other determination with respect hereto from the board of zoning appeals of the city of Staunton as permitted by local and state law.
(Zoning ordinance Art. 5, ? 15)
18.175.050 Plan contents.
The department of planning for the city of Staunton will assist those required to submit plans hereunder upon request. The landscape and/or screening plan should provide information such as:
(1) The location, size, and type of all proposed plant materials and screening measures.
(2) Existing trees with a caliper of six inches or greater, or wooded areas must be identified and considered for preservation.
(3) Existing landscaping features on the site to be retained.
(4) Location of utilities, including watering facilities for plantings on the site and drainage patterns.
(5) A plan of maintenance.
(Zoning ordinance Art. 5, ? 15)
18.175.060 Standards.
(1) The following minimum landscaping standards shall apply:
Landscaping shall consist of at least a five feet wide landscaped area, along the street right-of-way, in business and professional districts and at least a 10 feet wide landscaped area, along the street right-of-way, in the industrial districts. These areas are exclusive of the area required for sidewalks, public street rights-ofway, or parking. Utility easements can be used with the permission of the city.
(2) The following minimum screening standards shall apply:
Screening shall consist of a planting strip, existing vegetation, a slightly opaque wall or fence, or combination thereof, to the reasonable satisfaction of the agent. Where only vegetative screening is provided, such screening strip shall not be less than five feet wide in the business and professional districts and 10 feet wide in the industrial districts. Vegetative screening may consist of a double staggered row of evergreen trees planted 15 feet on center, or a double staggered row of evergreen shrubs planted 10 feet on center. Alternate methods of vegetative screening may be approved by the agent. Where a fence or a wall is provided, it shall be a minimum of six feet in height and plantings shall be required at intervals along such fence or wall.
(3) The following minimum street tree standards shall apply:
(a) Street trees shall be required along existing or proposed public streets and shall be planted with even spacing, or as otherwise required by the agent, adjacent to the public street right-of-way. One street tree shall be required for every 50 feet of road frontage, or portion thereof, if the street abutment is 20 feet or more in length, except as exempted in subsection (4) of this section. These trees should have a clear trunk height of at least six feet. The agent may waive these requirements in certain cases where site conditions warrant an alternate solution.
(b) Streets with posted speeds of over 35 mph shall have minor trees only planted along the right-of-way. Streets with posted speeds of less than 35 mph may have major or minor trees planted along the rightof-way.
? In the event that trees are desired along walkways adjacent to traffic flow, no tree shall be planted closer than 35 feet of any street corner, measured from the point of nearest intersecting curbs or curblines or pavement lines. No street tree shall be planted closer than 10 feet to any fire hydrant.
(d) No trees other than those species listed as 30 feet or less in height at maturity may be planted under or within 10 lateral feet to any overhead utility wire, or over or within five lateral feet of any underground water line, sewer line, transmission line, or other utility.
(4) The following landscaping requirements for new parking areas consisting of five spaces or more shall apply:
(a) Street Trees. Street trees shall be planted in accordance with subsection (3) of this section. The trees shall be planted between the street right-of-way and the parking area within the landscape setback. If this requirement creates a hardship by causing the relocation of required parking spaces, then the additional planting area may be counted toward the interior landscaping requirement.
(b) Interior Landscaping. An area equal to five percent of the parking and patron vehicular circulation area, as measured by the outside boundaries thereof, shall be landscaped to include trees and shrubs. Such landscaping shall be fairly uniformly dispersed throughout the vehicular parking and circulation area. At least one minor shade tree is required for each 10 parking spaces or portion thereof. Shrub plantings, except to the extent that they exceed five feet in width, adjacent to a building shall not be counted as interior landscaping. The requirements of subsections (4)(a), Street Trees, and (4)?, Additional Planting Along Public Streets, of this section and screening of parking lots are to be excluded as a part of the five percent interior landscaping requirement.
? Additional Plantings Along Public Streets. When a parking lot is located such that the parked cars will be visible from a public street, then additional landscaping of low street shrubs may be required between the street and the parking lot. Shrubs shall be in a single row planted five feet on center. All shrub plantings along entrances, exits, and intersections shall be kept below two and one-half feet so that visibility will not be impaired. Alternate methods of landscaping designed to minimize the visual impact of the parking lot may be approved by the agent.
(d) Wheel stops, curbing, or other barriers shall be provided to prevent damage to landscaping by vehicles. Where necessary, trees shall be walled or otherwise protected against change of grade. All pervious areas of the site shall be permanently protected from soil erosion with grass, ground covers, low shrubs, or mulch material. Special attention should be given to using plants that are drought tolerant.
(Zoning ordinance Art. 5, ? 15)
18.175.070 Exceptions.
In lieu of planting new materials, existing trees and vegetation may satisfy landscaping and screening requirements, subject to the agent?s approval. The landscaping plan shall indicate the trees to be saved, limits of clearing, location and type of protective fencing, grade changes requiring tree wells, or walls and trenching.
Upon review of the site and/or site plan, the agent, or the reviewing authority, may reduce or suspend any of the requirements of this chapter, if the site presents special circumstances whereby the strict compliance of this chapter will produce an undue hardship or if the spirit of the chapter has been met and deviation has been deemed to be in the best interest of the city.
(Zoning ordinance Art. 5, ? 15)
18.175.080 Approval period and revisions.
(1) All landscaping shall be planted and maintained according to established planting and maintenance procedures using good quality plant materials. The required plant materials may be chosen from a recommended species list provided by the agent. Plant materials not listed may be substituted for suggested plant material if such substitution is expressly approved by the agent.
(2) Approval of landscaping and screening plan under the provisions of this chapter is valid for a period of one year; however, if said plan is part of approved site plan in accordance with this title or an approved subdivision plan, then approval is extended for same period as the site or subdivision plan.
(3) Requested changes or revisions to approved landscaping and screening plans may be authorized in writing by the agent as long as said revisions do not, in the agent?s opinion, substantially affect terms of the original approval. Otherwise, the agent may require a new plan be prepared and submitted for review in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.
(4) All landscaping and screening required by this chapter shall be installed at the cost of the developer or property owner. The owner shall be responsible for maintaining all landscaping in good condition so as to present a healthy, neat appearance and shall be kept free from refuse and debris.
(5) All landscaping and screening features shown on the approved plan must be adequately maintained and kept in effect in order for approved plan to remain valid and not become a zoning violation of this title.
(Zoning ordinance Art. 5, ? 15)
18.175.090 Plans required prior to issuance of building permit.
No building permit shall be issued by the city until the applicant therefor exhibits to the building inspector the approved plans required by this chapter.
(Zoning ordinance Art. 5, ? 15)
18.175.100 Occupancy permit.
The building inspector for the city shall not issue an occupancy permit for such development until the landscaping and/or screening required hereunder has been completed. Notwithstanding the foregoing, however, the building inspector may issue a temporary occupancy permit with respect to the development, if, in the opinion of the building inspector, said landscaping and/or screening has been delayed for reasons beyond the control of the developer, such as weather and other causes.
(Zoning ordinance Art. 5, ? 15)
Suffolk Development Ordinance View whole ordinance
Unified Development Ordinance
ARTICLE 6 DESIGN AND IMPROVEMENT STANDARDS
SEC. 31-603. LANDSCAPING STANDARDS.
(a) PURPOSE. The purpose of the landscaping standards is to provide visual enhancement of the City; to protect and promote the appearance, character and economic value of property; to reduce visibility of paved areas and other unsightly views from adjacent properties and public lands; to moderate climatic effects; to minimize noise and glare; to enhance public safety by defining spaces to influence traffic movement; to reduce storm water runoff, and to provide visual transition between neighboring properties.
(b) APPLICABILITY. This Section shall apply to all new major residential subdivisions, and commercial, office and industrial subdivisions and site plans. The developer shall submit a landscape plan to the Director of Planning as precedent to final site plan approval as outlined in Section 31-307 of this Ordinance. However, any development containing eighty percent (80%) or more impervious area shall include a landscape plan at the time of initial site plan submittal. In addition to the above, a sign landscape plan, which complies with this Ordinance, Section 31-714, signs, and Section 31-412(h), if applicable, shall be required.
(c) GENERAL LANDSCAPING REQUIREMENTS. The following shall apply to all Sections of the landscaping provisions of this Ordinance.
(1) TYPE. Plant materials shall be selected from the approved plant list set forth as Appendix C herein, which plant list is hereby by incorporated by reference as if set forth in its entirety in this Section. All modifications shall be approved by the Director in accord with the Waivers and Modifications Section of this Ordinance. For developments containing 300 trees or greater, no more than thirty percent (30%) of the required new planting shall consist of one family type and shall be interspersed; not more than twenty percent (20%) of the required new plantings shall consist of the same genus type and shall be interspersed, and not more than ten percent (10%) of the required new plantings shall consist of the same species type and shall be interspersed.
(2) CONDITION. All plant materials shall conform to the standards of the American Nursery and Landscape Association ("ANLA") (formerly the American Association of Nurserymen), The American Standard For Nursery Stock, (1996), which document is hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth in its entirety herein. Said document may be obtained by contacting ANLA at 1250 I Street NW, Suite 500, Washington, D.C. 20005 (202/789-2900). Plants shall be healthy, vigorous, well rooted and free of defects, decay, disease or infestations. After implementation, all required plant material shall be maintained by the property owner. All dead, dying or diseased plant material shall be replaced by the property owner.
(3) BONDING. Prior to the issuance of Certificate of Occupancy, the applicant shall provide a maintenance bond. The maintenance bond shall be in the amount of one-third (1/3 of the value of the required landscaping, and shall be held for a period of 12 months following the date of Certificate of Occupancy issuance. A Certificate of Occupancy shall not be issued until the required landscaping is planted and completed in accordance with the approved landscape plan. If planting cannot occur due to seasonal constraints, the Planning Director may accept a performance surety in lieu of installation of plantings. The performance surety may be submitted in the form of a performance bond irrevocable letter of credit, certified check, cash escrow or other surety acceptable to the City attorney as to format and manner of execution. This surety shall include the full cost of plant materials and installation costs such as, but not limited to, soil treatment, labor, and/or guying costs. Should the Planning Director accept performance surety in lieu of any or all plantings, all required landscaping shall be installed and approved by the following planting season.
(4) PLANTING STANDARDS. The planting of materials shall conform to the standardized landscape specifications as identified in the "Guidelines for Landscape Planting in the City of Suffolk, Virginia" or in the standards of the most recent edition of the American Nursery and Landscape Association ("ANLA") (formerly the American Association of Nurserymen), The American Standard For Nursery Stock, (1996), which document is hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth in its entirety herein (said document may be obtained by contacting ANLA at 1250 I Street NW, Suite 500, Washington, D.C. 20005 (202/789-2900), and the "Standardized Landscape Specification for the State of Virginia" by the Virginia Nurserymen's Association. All trees shall have tops which display a natural growing shape or condition. Trunks shall be healthy and free of defects or mutations such as, but not limited to, over guying.
(5) PROTECTION STANDARDS.
A. Landscaped areas shall be protected from vehicular encroachment by planter islands such as, but not limited to, 8?? 8? new treated timbers, concrete curb stops, and curb/gutter or as approved by the Director. Planting islands shall contain a minimum of one hundred (100) square feet for each tree and a minimum of ten (10) square feet for each shrub. The Director may consider the advice of the City Engineer, Department of Public Works, Department of Public Utilities, Virginia Department of Transportation, and any other agencies in determining the final design of planter islands.
B. Unless other requirements of this Ordinance are greater, all new trees shall be mulched within a minimum two and one-half-foot (2??) radius planting area. All shrubs shall be mulched within a one-half-foot area of the plant. Mulching shall consist of a minimum depth of two (2) inches and shall be completed within two (2) days of planting or at final inspection. Acceptable mulching materials are listed in the "Guidelines for Landscape Planting in the City of Suffolk, Virginia."
(6) VISIBILITY. The landscape plan shall identify a visibility triangle at all intersections including parking access aisles and roads. No trees, shrubs or other materials shall be placed where this will impede visibility above 2? feet within the visibility triangle or as required by the Virginia Department of Transportation or by the City of Suffolk Public Works Department. The Director of Planning shall consider the comments from other agencies prior to final approval of the landscape plan.
(d) MINIMUM PLANT SPECIFICATIONS.
(1) PRESERVATION OF EXISTING TREES. Preservation of existing trees and shrubs shall be maximized to provide for continuity and improved buffering ability. Effort shall be made to preserve all existing trees within twenty (20) feet of existing water bodies such as lakes, streams and wetlands. Except for tree canopy requirements, trees retained for compliance with this Ordinance shall not be less than six (6) feet in height, shall be noted on the landscape plan, and shall comply with the following:
A. Prior to landscape plan approval, the property owner shall sign a statement stating protective measures to be taken and agreement to replacement of the trees should any removal or death occur during and/or after construction;
B. The landscape plan shall identify the protection area and method of protection for retained trees. The minimum radius of protection area shall be determined by multiplying the tree diameter at breast height in inches by one foot or by delineation of the drip line of the tree, whichever is greater;
C. The protection area shall be identified during construction with high visibility fencing and/or chain link fencing. There shall be no encroachment including, but not limited to, earth disturbing activities such as grading and/or stockpiling of soil or materialswithin this area;
D. Any vegetation removed before, during or after construction shall be replaced with newly planted vegetation which meets the minimum requirements outlined in this Ordinance.
(2) NEW TREES. Required tree plantings shall conform to the following minimum standards with caliper measurements taken six inches above grade. At time of planting:
A. Large street trees shall measure a minimum of 1?- to 2-inch caliper;
B. Medium street trees shall measure a minimum of one- to 1?-inch caliper;
C. Screening trees shall measure a minimum of 4? to six feet in height.
(3) NEW SHRUBS.
A. Streetscape shrubs shall be container grown in not less than three gallons and shall not be less than 24 inches in height at time of planting and shall not be pruned to less than 24 inches in height.
B. Screening shrubs shall not be less than 30 inches at time of planting and shall not be pruned to less than five (5) feet in height.
(e) TREE CANOPY. Canopy calculations for new plantings shall be calculated from the official tree canopy maintained in the City of Suffolk Department of Planning. All new and existing vegetation applied to canopy requirements shall comply with the plant specifications and standards of this Ordinance
(1) MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS. The landscape plan shall include the planting and/or replacement of trees on site to the extent that, after ten years from the date of planting, tree canopies shall be at least:
A. Ten percent (10%) tree canopy for a site zoned office, business or industrial;
B. Ten percent (10%) tree canopy for a residential site zoned twenty (20) or more units per acre;
C. Fifteen percent (15%) tree canopy for a residential site zoned more than ten, but less than twenty units per acre; and
D. Twenty percent (20%) tree canopy for a residential site zoned ten (10) units or less per acre.
(2) EXISTING VEGETATION.
A. Existing plant material exceeding five feet in height may be applied toward tree canopy or tree cover requirements. Preserved trees shall conform to the plant specifications and standards of this Ordinance except for size.
B. Credit shall be calculated by multiplying 1.25 times the undisturbed wooded area.
C. Effort shall be made to preserve all existing vegetation within twenty (20) feet of existing water bodies, such as but not limited to lakes, streams and wetlands or as required by the Chesapeake Bay Preservation Area Overlay District.
(3) EXEMPTIONS. The following land area shall be exempt from the area to be calculated:
A. Areas devoid of plant material exceeding five (5) feet in height;
B. Dedicated school sites or other publicly dedicated lands;
C. Playing fields and other non-wooded recreation area;
D. Wetlands areas.
(f) SCREENING.
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(2) MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS.
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B. Where only vegetation is used, screening shall consist of a double staggered row of evergreen trees spaced 20 feet on center, or a triple staggered row of evergreen screening shrubs spaced ten feet on center.
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(3) REQUIREMENTS FOR OFFICE, BUSINESS OR INDUSTRIAL DISTRICTS ADJACENT TO A RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT.
A. Where only vegetation is used, screening shall consist of a double staggered row of evergreen screening trees spaced twenty (20) feet on center, or a triple staggered row of evergreen screening shrubs spaced ten (10) feet on center.
B. In addition to the above, office, business or industrial uses, such as, but not limited to, loading docks, parking areas and the like, which, in the opinion of the Director of Planning and Community Development are objectionable, abut a residential district, berming shall be required.
(i) Requirements for residential districts:
a. Where RU, RC, RM, RLM or RL residential districts, as defined in Article 4, abut A, RR or RE districts, additional landscaping shall be required.
b. Landscaping shall consist of a 15-foot screening strip of either a single row of screening trees spaced 20 feet on center or a single row of screening shrubs spaced ten feet on center.
(4) REQUIREMENTS FOR SUPERSTORES AND BIG BOX RETAIL USES. Retail uses subject to Section 31-715 of this Ordinance shall comply with the following standards:
A. LANDSCAPING.
(i) PERIPHERAL. A 30-foot wide landscaped buffer shall be provided along the front property line and along all abutting arterial roadways with breaks for approved access points. A minimum 15-foot wide landscape buffer shall be planted along all other property lines and along all internal roadways. No parking is permitted within these required buffer area or landscape areas.
(ii) BUILDING FACADE. The minimum setback for any building facade shall be 35 feet. Where the facade faces adjacent residential uses, an earthen berm, no less than six feet in height, containing at minimum, evergreen trees planted at intervals of 20 feet on center, or in clusters or clumps and shrubbery, shall be provided.
(iii) PARKING LOT. A minimum of ten percent (10%) of the parking area shall be landscaped. Landscaped areas shall be dispersed throughout the parking lot. Landscaped areas shall be protected by raised curbs and shall be a minimum of 200 square feet in size, except that ten percent of the planting areas may contain a minimum of 100 square feet. Where used, parking lot islands between parallel parking rows shall be a minimum of nine (9) feet in width and shall run the length of the parking aisle capped at each end by the termination of the island. In all cases parking aisles shall be landscaped at each end. For other types of parking configurations, landscaping, screening and buffer yard standards shall prevail.
(iv) REQUIRED PLANTINGS.
a. STREET TREE SPACING. Trees shall be planted on 30-foot centers. For variety, trees may be occasionally grouped to accent an area.
b. NUMBERS OF TREES AND SHRUBS PER 100 SQUARE FEET. Trees and shrubs shall be provided consistent with the landscaping standards of this Ordinance.
c. GROUND COVER AREAS. All areas shall be planted at a minimum with turf or grass. Ground covering such as ivy or similar material shall be used to accent planting areas.
(5) EXEMPTIONS.
A. Principal agricultural uses shall be exempt from screening requirements, with the exception of uses such as sawmills and feedlots and other uses which, in the opinion of the Director of Planning and Community Development, are objectionable.
(g) STREETSCAPE LANDSCAPING.
(1) APPLICABILITY. In addition to the above, all developments with five (5) or more parking spaces and/or subject to site plan review shall provide streetscape landscaping. The requirements of this Section shall apply to all expansions, reuse and/or modifications of existing development. Should existing site conditions and/or existing development of the property limit applicability of this Section, the developer may submit a Waiver or Modification request in accordance with the Waivers and Modifications Section of this Ordinance.
(2) MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS.
A. At minimum, a continuous ten-foot (10?) wide Streetscape planting strip, exclusive of easements, shall be located in areas adjacent to an existing or proposed public road provided, however, that a lower width may be permitted by the street improvement standards, Section 31-612(c)(3) (Street Patterns) in order to balance median and sidewalk widths. Up to five (5) feet of this planting strip may be devoted to sidewalk. The planting strip shall be located generally parallel to the existing or proposed road and shall not be located in areas identified for road widening, road projects, drainage areas, BMP areas or other public improvement projects. Minor encroachments in the planting strip by drainage easements may be approved by the Director of Planning and Community Development.
B. Street trees shall be required to be planted within the ten-foot planting strip. One large street tree shall be required every 50 feet or fraction thereof, or, one medium street tree shall be required every 25 feet or fraction thereof. Street trees shall be planted in an even, linear spacing. If minor shifts to the linear spacing are required due to the location of existing infrastructure, development or required sight distance, these shifts may be approved by the Director of Planning.
C. A single row of streetscape shrubs, planted three feet on center, shall be placed within the ten foot planting strip. Effort shall be made to locate this vegetation so to provide most effective screening of parking areas. Berms, three feet in height and a maximum 2:1 slope, may replace streetscape shrubs to a maximum of 50 percent.
Suffolk Development Ordinance View whole ordinance
Unified Development Ordinance
ARTICLE 6 DESIGN AND IMPROVEMENT STANDARDS
SEC. 31-606. PARKING AND LOADING STANDARDS.
(a) OFF-STREET PARKING.
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(12) LARGE SHOPPING CENTERS, SUPERSTORES AND BIG BOX RETAIL. Pedestrian accessibility opens auto-oriented developments to the neighborhood, thereby reducing traffic impacts and enabling the development to project a friendlier, more inviting image. This Section sets forth standards for public sidewalks and internal pedestrian circulation systems that can provide user-friendly pedestrian access as well as pedestrian safety, shelter, and convenience within the center grounds.
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B. Continuous internal pedestrian walkways, not less than eight (8) feet in width, shall be provided from the public sidewalk or right-of-way to the principal customer entrance of all principal buildings on the site. At a minimum, walkways shall connect focal points of pedestrian activity including, but not limited to, transit stops, street crossings, building and store entry points, and shall feature adjoining landscaped areas that include trees, shrubs, benches, flower beds, ground covers, or other such materials for no less than fifty percent (50%) of its length.
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Virginia Beach City Code View whole ordinance
APPENDIX C - SITE PLAN ORDINANCE
ORDINANCE NO. 486
AN ORDINANCE ESTABLISHING SITE PLAN REGULATIONS FOR THE CITY OF VIRGINIA BEACH, PROCEDURES AND REQUIREMENTS IN RELATION TO SITE PLANS, AND PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION OF SUCH REGULATIONS.
Sec. 5A. Parking lot and foundation landscaping.
5A.1. Intent and purposes. The city council of Virginia Beach finds that Virginia Beach is blessed with a diverse and abundant cover of trees and vegetation and that such cover is of general aesthetic value to the city and that the ecological diversity and richness of the city make it a desirable place for residents, owners, and visitors alike; and that the appearance of Virginia Beach from the public ways contributes ecologically and aesthetically to the growth and economic prosperity of the city; and also that the growth and development attracted to the City of Virginia Beach, because of its natural beauty, often times requires the removal of trees and other plant material, thereby contributing to the depletion of a most valuable natural resource, therefore, it is necessary to protect, preserve and restore this valuable asset. The city council declares the intent and purposes of this ordinance to be as follows:
(a) To aid in stabilizing the environment's ecological balance by contributing to the processes of air purification, oxygen regeneration, groundwater recharge, and stormwater runoff retardation, while at the same time aiding in noise, glare, and heat abatement;
(b) To encourage the preservation of existing trees and desirable vegetation;
? To assist in providing clean air;
(d) To provide visual buffering and enhance the beautification of the city;
? To safeguard and enhance property values and to protect public and private investment;
(f) To preserve, protect, and restore the unique identity and environment of the City of Virginia Beach and preserve the economic base attracted to the city by such factors;
(g) To conserve energy; and to protect the public health, safety, and general welfare through the reduction of noise, air and visual pollution, light glare, and moderate air temperature;
(h) To provide habitat for living things that might not otherwise occur or be found in urban and suburban environments.
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5A.4. Parking lot interior coverage requirements.
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? Trees shall be provided within the landscaped area in the proportion of one tree per one hundred and fifty (150) square feet of total landscaped area, except any fractional tree shall not be counted as a whole tree.
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5A.5. Parking lot streets frontage requirements.
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? Trees, hedge forms, and other treatment in accordance with the specifications of the "PARKING LOT AND FOUNDATION LANDSCAPING SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS" shall be placed within the landscaping strip.
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5A.6. Foundation landscaping requirements.
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(d) Shrubs or trees shall be provided within the landscaped area in the proportion of at least one shrub or one tree per fifteen (15) square feet of total required landscaped area, except any fractional shrub or tree shall not be counted as a whole shrub or tree.
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(Ord. No. 1565, 11-4-85; Ord. No. 1974, 6-11-90; Ord. No. 2091, 8-27-91; Ord. No. 2146, 6-25-92)